perf: precompute mangas.sort_author for the author sort

?sort=author used a correlated min(lower(a.name)) subquery as the ORDER BY
key, evaluated per filter-matching row before LIMIT. Materialize it into
mangas.sort_author (indexed by mangas_sort_author_idx), maintained by triggers
on manga_authors and backfilled in the migration, so the sort is a plain
indexed column read. Author names are immutable, so only join changes matter.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

backend/Cargo.lock

@@ -1558,7 +1558,7 @@ checksum = "c41e0c4fef86961ac6d6f8a82609f55f31b05e4fce149ac5710e439df7619ba4"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mangalord"
-version = "0.124.23"
+version = "0.124.24"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "argon2",

backend/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "mangalord"
-version = "0.124.23"
+version = "0.124.24"
 edition = "2021"
 default-run = "mangalord"
 

backend/migrations/0037_mangas_sort_author.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+-- Precomputed author sort key for `?sort=author`.
+--
+-- The author sort used a correlated `min(lower(a.name))` subquery as the ORDER
+-- BY key, evaluated per filter-matching row before LIMIT — it scaled worse than
+-- the indexed date/title sorts. Materialize the same value on `mangas` so the
+-- sort is a plain indexed column read.
+--
+-- `sort_author` = the alphabetically-first attached author's lowercased name,
+-- or NULL when the manga has no authors (kept last via NULLS LAST in the query).
+-- Author names are immutable (authors are upserted by unique lowercased name and
+-- never renamed), so the value only changes when the manga_authors join changes
+-- — maintained by the triggers below.
+
+ALTER TABLE mangas ADD COLUMN sort_author text;
+
+CREATE INDEX mangas_sort_author_idx ON mangas (sort_author, id);
+
+-- Backfill from existing links.
+UPDATE mangas m
+   SET sort_author = (
+        SELECT min(lower(a.name))
+          FROM manga_authors ma
+          JOIN authors a ON a.id = ma.author_id
+         WHERE ma.manga_id = m.id
+   );
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION refresh_manga_sort_author(mid uuid) RETURNS void AS $$
+BEGIN
+    UPDATE mangas
+       SET sort_author = (
+            SELECT min(lower(a.name))
+              FROM manga_authors ma
+              JOIN authors a ON a.id = ma.author_id
+             WHERE ma.manga_id = mid
+       )
+     WHERE id = mid;
+END;
+$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION mangas_sort_author_on_ma_change() RETURNS trigger AS $$
+BEGIN
+    -- On a manga cascade-delete the UPDATE simply no-ops (row already gone).
+    PERFORM refresh_manga_sort_author(COALESCE(NEW.manga_id, OLD.manga_id));
+    RETURN NULL;
+END;
+$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
+
+CREATE TRIGGER manga_authors_sort_author_ins AFTER INSERT ON manga_authors
+    FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE FUNCTION mangas_sort_author_on_ma_change();
+CREATE TRIGGER manga_authors_sort_author_del AFTER DELETE ON manga_authors
+    FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE FUNCTION mangas_sort_author_on_ma_change();

backend/src/repo/manga.rs

@@ -168,16 +168,11 @@ pub async fn list(pool: &PgPool, query: &ListQuery) -> AppResult<(Vec<Manga>, Op
         SortField::Created => "created_at",
         SortField::Updated => "updated_at",
         SortField::Title => "lower(title)",
-        // Sorts on the alphabetically-first attached author. As an ORDER BY
+        // Sorts on the alphabetically-first attached author. Precomputed into
-        // key this correlated subquery is evaluated per filter-matching row
+        // `mangas.sort_author` (migration 0037, maintained by triggers on
-        // before LIMIT applies, so it scales worse than the indexed date/title
+        // manga_authors) and index-backed by `mangas_sort_author_idx`, so this
-        // sorts — revisit with a LATERAL join or precomputed sort-name column
+        // is a plain column read rather than a per-row correlated subquery.
-        // if the library grows large.
+        SortField::Author => "sort_author",
-        SortField::Author => {
-            "(SELECT min(lower(a.name)) \
-               FROM manga_authors ma JOIN authors a ON a.id = ma.author_id \
-              WHERE ma.manga_id = mangas.id)"
-        }
     };
     let dir = match query.order {
         SortOrder::Asc => "ASC",

backend/tests/api_mangas_metadata.rs

@@ -326,6 +326,54 @@ async fn patch_updates_status_authors_and_genres(pool: PgPool) {
     assert_eq!(body["genres"][0]["name"], "Drama");
 }
 
+#[sqlx::test(migrations = "./migrations")]
+async fn patch_authors_updates_precomputed_sort_author(pool: PgPool) {
+    // The precomputed mangas.sort_author (used by ?sort=author) must track
+    // author edits: changing the alphabetically-first author reorders the
+    // author sort. Two mangas whose relative author order flips after a PATCH.
+    let h = common::harness(pool.clone());
+    let (_, cookie) = common::register_user(&h.app).await;
+
+    let a = id_of(&create_manga(&h.app, &cookie, json!({ "title": "A", "authors": ["Zeta"] })).await);
+    let _b = id_of(&create_manga(&h.app, &cookie, json!({ "title": "B", "authors": ["Mid"] })).await);
+
+    // Initially: Mid < Zeta, so B before A.
+    let ids = list_titles(&h.app, "sort=author&order=asc").await;
+    assert_eq!(ids, vec!["B", "A"]);
+
+    // Re-author A to "Alpha", which now sorts first.
+    let resp = h
+        .app
+        .clone()
+        .oneshot(common::patch_json_with_cookie(
+            &format!("/api/v1/mangas/{a}"),
+            json!({ "authors": ["Alpha"] }),
+            &cookie,
+        ))
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), StatusCode::OK);
+
+    // Now A (Alpha) sorts before B (Mid) — proving sort_author was recomputed.
+    let ids = list_titles(&h.app, "sort=author&order=asc").await;
+    assert_eq!(ids, vec!["A", "B"]);
+}
+
+async fn list_titles(app: &axum::Router, query: &str) -> Vec<String> {
+    let resp = app
+        .clone()
+        .oneshot(common::get(&format!("/api/v1/mangas?{query}")))
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    let body = common::body_json(resp).await;
+    body["items"]
+        .as_array()
+        .unwrap()
+        .iter()
+        .map(|m| m["title"].as_str().unwrap().to_string())
+        .collect()
+}
+
 #[sqlx::test(migrations = "./migrations")]
 async fn patch_404_on_unknown_id(pool: PgPool) {
     let h = common::harness(pool);

frontend/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "mangalord-frontend",
-  "version": "0.124.23",
+  "version": "0.124.24",
   "private": true,
   "type": "module",
   "scripts": {