fix(crawler): walk list pages incrementally; stop on empty page (0.45.1)

The pre-built `1..=parse_last_page` queue silently broke whenever the
configured CRAWLER_START_URL lacked a `/N/` path segment: page_url
returned the input unchanged, every "next" page re-fetched page 1, and
the dedup set caught the duplicates as a flood of "skip already-seen
key in this run" debug lines. The walker now increments next_page on
each batch and terminates when parse_manga_list_from yields an empty
list (the `#logo` sentinel still converts unrendered pages into
transient errors, so an Ok(vec![]) is a real end-of-index signal).

parse_last_page and build_page_order are deleted along with their
unit tests; they have no callers under the new model. page_url and
the page-1 HTML cache from discover() are retained as-is.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

.env.example

@@ -74,6 +74,14 @@ CRAWLER_DOWNLOAD_ALLOWLIST=
 CRAWLER_ALLOW_ANY_HOST=false
 # Hard cap on a single image body. Default 32 MiB.
 CRAWLER_MAX_IMAGE_BYTES=33554432
+# Path to a system Chromium binary. When set, the crawler skips the
+# bundled-fetcher download. Required on platforms without a usable
+# upstream Chromium build (notably Linux_arm64 / Raspberry Pi). On
+# Debian: /usr/bin/chromium-headless-shell or /usr/bin/chromium. On
+# Ubuntu the package is chromium-browser (different path). Pair with
+# `docker compose build --build-arg INSTALL_CHROMIUM=true backend` so
+# the image actually contains the binary.
+CRAWLER_CHROMIUM_BINARY=
 
 # ----- Frontend -----
 # The frontend container runs SvelteKit's Node adapter on :3000 and

backend/Cargo.lock

@@ -1470,7 +1470,7 @@ checksum = "c41e0c4fef86961ac6d6f8a82609f55f31b05e4fce149ac5710e439df7619ba4"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mangalord"
-version = "0.44.0"
+version = "0.45.1"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "argon2",

backend/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "mangalord"
-version = "0.44.0"
+version = "0.45.1"
 edition = "2021"
 default-run = "mangalord"
 

backend/Dockerfile

@@ -25,8 +25,23 @@ FROM debian:trixie-slim
 # binary ("GLIBC_2.39 not found"). Keep these two in lockstep on bumps.
 # `curl` is for the container HEALTHCHECK; `ca-certificates` is for
 # outbound HTTPS (crawler covers/pages).
+#
+# INSTALL_CHROMIUM is an opt-in for deployments that can't use the
+# chromiumoxide fetcher path (notably Linux_arm64 / Raspberry Pi, where
+# the upstream snapshot bucket has no usable build). When `true`, adds
+# Debian's apt-packaged headless chromium plus a baseline font set —
+# pair with `CRAWLER_CHROMIUM_BINARY=/usr/bin/chromium-headless-shell`
+# at runtime so the launcher uses it. Default `false` keeps cloud/x86
+# images slim.
+#
+# Build the Pi image with:
+#   docker compose build --build-arg INSTALL_CHROMIUM=true backend
+ARG INSTALL_CHROMIUM=false
 RUN apt-get update \
  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends ca-certificates curl \
+ && if [ "$INSTALL_CHROMIUM" = "true" ]; then \
+      apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends chromium-headless-shell fonts-liberation; \
+    fi \
  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 
 # Non-root runtime user. The API binary doesn't need any root

backend/src/crawler/browser.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,17 @@
 //! Chromium launcher and lifecycle.
 //!
-//! Uses `chromiumoxide`'s `fetcher` feature so we don't depend on a
+//! By default uses `chromiumoxide`'s `fetcher` feature — first call
-//! system Chrome install — first call downloads a known-good revision
+//! downloads a known-good revision into a cache dir and reuses it
-//! into a cache dir and reuses it forever after. `BrowserMode` toggles
+//! forever after. Set `CRAWLER_CHROMIUM_BINARY` to skip the fetcher
-//! headed vs headless; the headed path needs a display (real `$DISPLAY`
+//! and use a system-installed Chromium instead; required on platforms
-//! or `xvfb-run`).
+//! where the upstream snapshot bucket has no usable build (notably
+//! `Linux_arm64` / Raspberry Pi). Debian's package is at
+//! `/usr/bin/chromium` or `/usr/bin/chromium-headless-shell`; Ubuntu
+//! ships it as `chromium-browser` at a different path — don't paste
+//! the wrong one.
+//!
+//! `BrowserMode` toggles headed vs headless; the headed path needs a
+//! display (real `$DISPLAY` or `xvfb-run`).
 //!
 //! Extra Chromium command-line flags can be supplied through
 //! [`LaunchOptions::extra_args`] in code, or via the
@@ -165,31 +172,41 @@ where
     }
 }
 
-/// Launches Chromium. Downloads it on first run via the `fetcher`
+/// Launches Chromium. If `CRAWLER_CHROMIUM_BINARY` is set, uses that
-/// feature; subsequent runs hit the cache. The cache dir is
+/// path directly. Otherwise downloads via the `fetcher` feature on
+/// first run and hits the cache after that. The fetcher cache dir is
 /// `$CRAWLER_CHROMIUM_DIR` if set, else `$HOME/.cache/mangalord/chromium`,
 /// else `./.chromium-cache` as a last-resort repo-local fallback.
 pub async fn launch(options: LaunchOptions) -> anyhow::Result<Handle> {
-    let cache = cache_dir()?;
+    let executable = match system_chromium_path_from_env() {
-    tokio::fs::create_dir_all(&cache)
+        Some(path) => {
-        .await
+            tracing::info!(path = %path.display(), "using system chromium (CRAWLER_CHROMIUM_BINARY)");
-        .with_context(|| format!("create cache dir {}", cache.display()))?;
+            path
+        }
+        None => {
+            let cache = cache_dir()?;
+            tokio::fs::create_dir_all(&cache)
+                .await
+                .with_context(|| format!("create cache dir {}", cache.display()))?;
 
-    let fetcher = BrowserFetcher::new(
+            let fetcher = BrowserFetcher::new(
-        BrowserFetcherOptions::builder()
+                BrowserFetcherOptions::builder()
-            .with_path(&cache)
+                    .with_path(&cache)
-            .build()
+                    .build()
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("fetcher options: {e}"))?,
+                    .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("fetcher options: {e}"))?,
-    );
+            );
-    tracing::info!(path = %cache.display(), "ensuring chromium revision is present");
+            tracing::info!(path = %cache.display(), "ensuring chromium revision is present");
-    let info = fetcher
+            let info = fetcher
-        .fetch()
+                .fetch()
-        .await
+                .await
-        .context("download chromium via fetcher")?;
+                .context("download chromium via fetcher")?;
-    tracing::info!(executable = %info.executable_path.display(), "chromium ready");
+            tracing::info!(executable = %info.executable_path.display(), "chromium ready");
+            info.executable_path
+        }
+    };
 
     let mut builder = BrowserConfig::builder()
-        .chrome_executable(info.executable_path)
+        .chrome_executable(executable)
         // Linux containers / CI commonly lack the user namespaces
         // Chromium's sandbox wants. Disable it; the crawler runs in its
         // own container anyway.
@@ -246,6 +263,24 @@ fn cache_dir() -> anyhow::Result<PathBuf> {
     Ok(PathBuf::from("./.chromium-cache"))
 }
 
+/// Reads `CRAWLER_CHROMIUM_BINARY` and delegates to the pure helper.
+/// Thin wrapper kept separate so the decision logic can be unit-tested
+/// without mutating the process environment.
+fn system_chromium_path_from_env() -> Option<PathBuf> {
+    system_chromium_path_from_value(std::env::var_os("CRAWLER_CHROMIUM_BINARY").as_deref())
+}
+
+/// Returns `Some(path)` only when the value is set and non-empty. An
+/// exported-but-blank var (common in compose `${VAR:-}` patterns when
+/// the operator didn't fill it in) must behave like "unset" — otherwise
+/// we'd hand chromiumoxide an empty path and fail launch in a confusing
+/// way.
+pub(crate) fn system_chromium_path_from_value(
+    raw: Option<&std::ffi::OsStr>,
+) -> Option<PathBuf> {
+    raw.filter(|v| !v.is_empty()).map(PathBuf::from)
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
@@ -273,6 +308,33 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(parse_args("   \t\n").is_empty());
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn system_chromium_path_returns_some_when_value_set() {
+        let raw = std::ffi::OsString::from("/usr/bin/chromium-headless-shell");
+        assert_eq!(
+            system_chromium_path_from_value(Some(raw.as_os_str())),
+            Some(PathBuf::from("/usr/bin/chromium-headless-shell"))
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn system_chromium_path_returns_none_when_unset() {
+        assert_eq!(system_chromium_path_from_value(None), None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn system_chromium_path_treats_empty_as_unset() {
+        // Compose's `${VAR:-}` substitution produces an exported-but-empty
+        // env var when the operator left it blank. Treat it as unset so
+        // the launcher falls back to the fetcher path instead of handing
+        // chromiumoxide an empty path.
+        let raw = std::ffi::OsString::from("");
+        assert_eq!(
+            system_chromium_path_from_value(Some(raw.as_os_str())),
+            None
+        );
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn default_launch_options_are_headless() {
         // Headless is the production-safe default — no display required,

backend/src/crawler/source/target.rs

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 //! (`td:has(label:contains("Author:"))`) are implemented by walking
 //! the parsed tree.
 
-use std::collections::VecDeque;
 use std::time::Duration;
 
 use anyhow::Context;
@@ -75,10 +74,11 @@ impl Source for TargetSource {
         &self,
         ctx: &FetchContext<'_>,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<Box<dyn DiscoverWalk + Send>> {
-        // Always visit page 1 first because that's the only way to
+        // Probe page 1 up front (with transient retry) for two reasons:
-        // discover `last_page`. Retry it on transient — a broken first
+        // a broken first page should abort cleanly rather than mid-walk,
-        // page would otherwise abort the whole walk before we've even
+        // and the HTML is handed straight to the first `next_batch` call
-        // started.
+        // so the walker doesn't re-fetch it. Page count is discovered
+        // incrementally — see `TargetSourceWalker::next_batch`.
         let first_html = retry_on_transient(
             || async {
                 navigate(ctx, self.base_url.as_str(), LIST_PAGE_MARKER).await
@@ -87,21 +87,10 @@ impl Source for TargetSource {
             PAGE_TRANSIENT_RETRY_DELAY,
         )
         .await?;
-        let last_page = {
-            let doc = scraper::Html::parse_document(&first_html);
-            parse_last_page(&doc)
-        };
-
-        let order = build_page_order(last_page);
-        tracing::info!(
-            last_page = ?last_page,
-            page_count = order.len(),
-            "walking pagination"
-        );
 
         Ok(Box::new(TargetSourceWalker {
             base_url: self.base_url.clone(),
-            pages_remaining: order,
+            next_page: 1,
             first_page_html: Some(first_html),
         }))
     }
@@ -147,24 +136,19 @@ impl Source for TargetSource {
     }
 }
 
-/// Build the queue of page numbers `TargetSource::discover` will walk.
+/// Walker returned by [`TargetSource::discover`]. Walks pages `1..` in
-/// The site orders by `update_date DESC`, so newest-first is just the
+/// order, terminating as soon as a page renders cleanly with zero entries
-/// natural page order: `1..=last`. If `last_page` is unknown (source
+/// — that's the "we ran off the end of the index" signal. Page 1's HTML
-/// surfaces no pagination) only page 1 is visited.
+/// is cached at construction time (discover already had to fetch it for
-fn build_page_order(last_page: Option<i32>) -> VecDeque<i32> {
+/// the transient probe) so the first batch doesn't re-fetch.
-    match last_page {
+///
-        None => VecDeque::from([1]),
+/// A genuinely empty `Ok(vec![])` from `parse_manga_list_from` is what
-        Some(last) => (1..=last).collect(),
+/// stops us: the parser's `#logo` sentinel converts unrendered pages
-    }
+/// into transient errors before they reach this loop, so an empty
-}
+/// parse result reliably means "no more entries."
-
-/// Walker returned by [`TargetSource::discover`]. Pops one source-index
-/// page per `next_batch` call. Page 1's HTML is cached at construction
-/// time (the discover call needed it to read `last_page` anyway) so the
-/// batch covering page 1 doesn't re-fetch.
 struct TargetSourceWalker {
     base_url: String,
-    pages_remaining: VecDeque<i32>,
+    next_page: i32,
     first_page_html: Option<String>,
 }
 
@@ -174,13 +158,11 @@ impl DiscoverWalk for TargetSourceWalker {
         &mut self,
         ctx: &FetchContext<'_>,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<Option<Vec<SourceMangaRef>>> {
-        let Some(page_num) = self.pages_remaining.pop_front() else {
+        let page_num = self.next_page;
-            return Ok(None);
-        };
         let page_refs = if page_num == 1 {
             // Reuse the cached page-1 HTML from the initial probe. Take
-            // it (rather than clone) so a malformed page-order queue
+            // it (rather than clone) so a future re-entry that somehow
-            // that re-visits page 1 still falls back to a real fetch.
+            // revisits page 1 still falls back to a real fetch.
             match self.first_page_html.take() {
                 Some(html) => {
                     let doc = scraper::Html::parse_document(&html);
@@ -218,6 +200,10 @@ impl DiscoverWalk for TargetSourceWalker {
             .await?
         };
         tracing::info!(page_num, count = page_refs.len(), "page walked");
+        if page_refs.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+        self.next_page += 1;
         Ok(Some(page_refs))
     }
 }
@@ -288,20 +274,6 @@ fn classify_navigate_html(html: String) -> Result<String, PageError> {
     Ok(html)
 }
 
-fn parse_last_page(doc: &scraper::Html) -> Option<i32> {
-    // Pagination links carry their page number as text. Take the
-    // numeric maximum so we don't depend on a specific layout (Prev,
-    // Next, ellipses, etc. all get filtered out by .parse).
-    let sel = scraper::Selector::parse("#left_side .pagination a").unwrap();
-    doc.select(&sel)
-        .filter_map(|a| {
-            collapse_whitespace(&a.text().collect::<String>())
-                .parse::<i32>()
-                .ok()
-        })
-        .max()
-}
-
 /// Substitutes the first `/N/` path segment with the target page
 /// number. Source impls that paginate via a different URL shape can
 /// override this — for the modeled site the segment is always present.
@@ -853,29 +825,6 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(parse_chapter_number("Special"), None);
     }
 
-    #[test]
-    fn parse_last_page_picks_highest_pagination_link() {
-        let html = r#"
-            <div id="left_side"><div class="pagination">
-              <a href="/list/1/">Prev</a>
-              <ol>
-                <li><a href="/list/1/">1</a></li>
-                <li><a href="/list/2/">2</a></li>
-                <li><a href="/list/47/">47</a></li>
-                <li><a href="/list/2/">Next</a></li>
-              </ol>
-            </div></div>
-        "#;
-        let doc = scraper::Html::parse_document(html);
-        assert_eq!(parse_last_page(&doc), Some(47));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn parse_last_page_none_when_no_pagination() {
-        let doc = scraper::Html::parse_document("<html></html>");
-        assert!(parse_last_page(&doc).is_none());
-    }
-
     #[test]
     fn page_url_substitutes_numeric_path_segment() {
         assert_eq!(
@@ -1024,28 +973,6 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(err.is_transient(), "got non-transient: {err}");
     }
 
-    #[test]
-    fn build_page_order_is_natural_one_to_last() {
-        // Newest-first is just the source's natural pagination order:
-        // (update_date DESC) lives at page 1, oldest at the last page.
-        let order = build_page_order(Some(3));
-        assert_eq!(Vec::from(order), vec![1, 2, 3]);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn build_page_order_falls_back_to_page_one_only_without_pagination() {
-        // Source surfaced no pagination control — visit page 1 alone
-        // and let the walk end after one batch.
-        let order = build_page_order(None);
-        assert_eq!(Vec::from(order), vec![1]);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn build_page_order_single_page_index_yields_one_entry() {
-        let order = build_page_order(Some(1));
-        assert_eq!(Vec::from(order), vec![1]);
-    }
-
     #[test]
     fn parse_chapter_list_returns_transient_when_table_missing() {
         // Partial render (post-load JS hadn't injected the table, layout

backend/tests/crawler_browser_smoke.rs

@@ -10,6 +10,11 @@
 //!
 //! Override the cache location with `CRAWLER_CHROMIUM_DIR=/some/path` if
 //! `$HOME/.cache/mangalord/chromium` isn't writable.
+//!
+//! Set `CRAWLER_CHROMIUM_BINARY=/usr/bin/chromium-headless-shell` (or
+//! another system chromium path) to exercise the system-chromium
+//! launch path instead of the fetcher download — this is the path the
+//! Raspberry Pi deployment takes.
 
 use mangalord::crawler::browser::{self, LaunchOptions};
 

docker-compose.yml

@@ -39,6 +39,11 @@ services:
       # Upload limits.
       MAX_REQUEST_BYTES: ${MAX_REQUEST_BYTES:-209715200}
       MAX_FILE_BYTES: ${MAX_FILE_BYTES:-20971520}
+      # System-chromium override for the crawler. Leave blank to use the
+      # bundled fetcher; set to e.g. /usr/bin/chromium-headless-shell on
+      # arm64 deployments. Pair with `--build-arg INSTALL_CHROMIUM=true`
+      # so the image actually contains the binary.
+      CRAWLER_CHROMIUM_BINARY: ${CRAWLER_CHROMIUM_BINARY:-}
     volumes:
       - storage-data:/var/lib/mangalord/storage
     # No host port mapping in the default setup — the frontend proxies

frontend/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "mangalord-frontend",
-  "version": "0.44.0",
+  "version": "0.45.1",
   "private": true,
   "type": "module",
   "scripts": {