"""Measure Canary's PRESENTATION RATE without perturbing it, and time the boot.

Why this exists: two pages of the corpus measure the same declared 120 keyframe
units during a static hold and disagree by 2 % -- settle->plate 2.135 s (28.10
fps implied) and one focus-ring revolution 2.177 s (27.56 implied). The port
challenged it. Either the rate differed between the sessions, or one interval is
not 120 units. Both were WALL-CLOCK, so nothing in either can tell them apart.

The obvious instrument is Canary's own `[UI-CAP]` frame counter, and it is the
one the corpus used for "28.5 fps". 🔴 **It perturbs badly.** Measured here:
armed on the title with a concurrent 8 fps grab, 300 frames took 16.567 s =
**18.11 fps** against the ~28 the same screen gives without it. A frame counter
that costs a third of the frame rate cannot measure the frame rate.

So: count DISTINCT FRAMES in an oversampled crop of something that moves every
frame (the spinning focus ring). Sampling at 60 fps a source presenting at R,
the fraction of consecutive samples that differ is R/60.

Its controls, all in one session and all required to believe a number:
  * a STATIC crop must read ~0 -- if it does not, the counter is seeing noise;
  * two sampling rates (45 and 60) must agree -- if the estimate tracks the
    sampler it is measuring the sampler;
  * and the decisive one: while `[UI-CAP]` runs, this counter and the emulator's
    own frame count must AGREE. Both are perturbed in that window, but agreeing
    there is what licenses using this counter alone outside it.

    present_rate_probe.py --run SECONDS OUT.json CANARY_STDOUT
"""
import json
import os
import subprocess
import sys
import time

import numpy as np

SD = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
sys.path.insert(0, SD)
import title_timing_probe as T  # noqa: E402
import boot_timeline_probe as B  # noqa: E402

# The button column, from ring_period.py: game coords (480,130)-(570,530), and
# the game surface sits at +1,+45 in the root.
RX, RY, RW, RH = 481, 175, 90, 400
# A crop that must NOT move: the top-left of the menu's background.
SX, SY, SW, SH = 60, 120, 90, 120


def crop_stream(x, y, w, h, rate):
    return subprocess.Popen(
        ["ffmpeg", "-loglevel", "error", "-f", "x11grab", "-draw_mouse", "0",
         "-video_size", f"{w}x{h}", "-i", f"{T.DISPLAY}+{x},{y}", "-r", str(rate),
         "-f", "rawvideo", "-pix_fmt", "rgb24", "-"],
        stdout=subprocess.PIPE, bufsize=w * h * 3 * 4)


def count_distinct(x, y, w, h, rate, secs, thresh=0.02):
    """Sample a crop and count how many frames differ from their predecessor.

    Returns (samples, distinct, seconds, implied_fps, frames_list, times_list).
    `thresh` is a mean-abs-difference floor; a capture path with no noise makes
    an identical frame differ by exactly 0, so this only has to reject dither.
    """
    p = crop_stream(x, y, w, h, rate)
    n = w * h * 3
    t0 = time.time()
    prev = None
    samples = distinct = 0
    prof, ts = [], []
    while time.time() - t0 < secs:
        b = p.stdout.read(n)
        if len(b) < n:
            break
        a = np.frombuffer(b, np.uint8).reshape(h, w, 3)
        g = (0.299 * a[..., 0] + 0.587 * a[..., 1] + 0.114 * a[..., 2]).astype(np.float32)
        samples += 1
        if prev is not None and float(np.abs(g - prev).mean()) > thresh:
            distinct += 1
        prev = g
        prof.append(float(g.mean()))
        ts.append(time.time() - t0)
    p.kill()
    dt = time.time() - t0
    return dict(samples=samples, distinct=distinct, seconds=dt,
                sample_fps=samples / dt, implied_fps=distinct / dt), prof, ts


def wait_for(pred, limit, rate=8):
    """Classify a full-frame stream until `pred(label, glyph, mean)` or timeout."""
    p = T.open_stream()
    n = T.W * T.H * 3
    t0 = time.time()
    trail = []
    while time.time() - t0 < limit:
        buf = p.stdout.read(n)
        if len(buf) < n:
            p.kill(); p = T.open_stream(); continue
        rgb = np.frombuffer(buf, np.uint8).reshape(T.H, T.W, 3)
        g = T.gray_of(rgb)
        lb = T.label(T.scores(g))
        gl = T.glyph(rgb)
        mn = float(T.surface(g).mean())
        trail.append((round(time.time() - t0, 3), lb, gl, round(mn, 2)))
        if pred(lb, gl, mn):
            p.kill()
            return time.time() - t0, trail
    p.kill()
    return None, trail


def main(limit, out_path, log_path):
    res = {}
    t0 = time.time()
    # --- reach the plate, then press A promptly: the title's idle window is short
    hit, trail = wait_for(lambda lb, gl, mn: lb in ("title_plate", "title_noplate")
                          and gl >= T.PLATE_GLYPH, limit)
    res["trail_to_plate"] = trail[-40:]
    if hit is None:
        res["error"] = "never reached the plate"
        json.dump(res, open(out_path, "w"), indent=1)
        return 1
    res["plate_at"] = round(hit, 3)
    print(f"plate at {hit:.1f}s -> A", flush=True)
    T.tap("A")
    hit, trail = wait_for(lambda lb, gl, mn: lb == "menu", 120)
    if hit is None:
        res["error"] = "never reached the menu"
        res["trail_to_menu"] = trail[-40:]
        json.dump(res, open(out_path, "w"), indent=1)
        return 1
    print(f"menu at +{hit:.1f}s; settling", flush=True)
    time.sleep(8)

    # --- CONTROL 1: a crop that must not move
    st, _, _ = count_distinct(SX, SY, SW, SH, 60, 6)
    res["control_static"] = st
    print(f"static control: {st['distinct']}/{st['samples']} distinct "
          f"({st['implied_fps']:.2f} implied)", flush=True)

    # --- CONTROL 2: the same ring at two sampling rates
    for r in (45, 60):
        d, prof, ts = count_distinct(RX, RY, RW, RH, r, 12)
        res[f"ring_free_{r}"] = d
        res[f"ring_profile_{r}"] = [round(v, 4) for v in prof]
        res[f"ring_times_{r}"] = [round(v, 4) for v in ts]
        print(f"ring @{r}fps: {d['distinct']}/{d['samples']} -> "
              f"{d['implied_fps']:.2f} fps (sampled {d['sample_fps']:.1f})", flush=True)

    # --- CONTROL 3 (the decisive one): agree with the game's own counter
    seen = os.path.getsize(log_path) if os.path.exists(log_path) else 0
    import threading
    box = {}

    def _arm():
        box["uicap"], box["seen"] = B.arm_capture(log_path, seen, timeout=120)
    th = threading.Thread(target=_arm)
    th.start()
    d, prof, ts = count_distinct(RX, RY, RW, RH, 60, 30)
    th.join(timeout=60)
    res["ring_during_capture"] = d
    res["uicap"] = box.get("uicap")
    print(f"during UI-CAP: distinct-frame {d['implied_fps']:.2f} fps; "
          f"UI-CAP {box.get('uicap')}", flush=True)

    # --- and back to unperturbed
    d, prof, ts = count_distinct(RX, RY, RW, RH, 60, 12)
    res["ring_after"] = d
    res["ring_profile_after"] = [round(v, 4) for v in prof]
    res["ring_times_after"] = [round(v, 4) for v in ts]
    print(f"after: {d['implied_fps']:.2f} fps", flush=True)

    res["elapsed"] = round(time.time() - t0, 2)
    json.dump(res, open(out_path, "w"), indent=1)
    return 0


if __name__ == "__main__":
    if len(sys.argv) > 4 and sys.argv[1] == "--run":
        sys.exit(main(float(sys.argv[2]), sys.argv[3], sys.argv[4]))
    print(__doc__)
    sys.exit(2)