142b8d7200
Answers what the previous commit left open: naming the branches did not give a clear condition, because that needs the operand chain feeding each compare. First, a correction to my own work. isl-bytecode.md -- which OWNS the opcode table -- already named ops 21-24 push.i/push.f/pop.i/pop.f. isl-branches.md, which I wrote last iteration, said op21 and op23 were unread. The stale file was mine. Verified from the thunks rather than accepted: 21 pushes [phase+168] onto the deque at phase+44, 22 pushes [phase+184] onto phase+64, and the 23/24 handlers touch only r3+168 and r3+184. So pop.i lands in special[1]. New: the 147-entry built-in table is a thin DISPATCH LAYER, not implementations. Each stub resolves the local[] argument base and tail-calls a fixed ScriptPhase vtable slot. 112 of 147 dispatch that way; 17 write [phase+164] inline; 0 write +184. Every named predicate is in the vtable group -- unit_state 184, unit_alive 188, hp_pct_test 64, dist_lt 56, is_engaged 252, timer_elapsed 372 -- which is the control that the split separates engine queries from script bookkeeping. The vtable is 0x820A84BC, derived from a known implementation rather than a stride: MARK_LAST_PHASE is documented as [phase+300]=2; the function 0x8226B498 is exactly that stub; it appears as a data word at exactly one address, 0x820A8570; built-in 39 uses slot 180. The check NOT used in the derivation: built-in 40 mark_not_last uses slot 176, and slot 176 holds the [phase+300]=1 stub. Predicted and confirmed. The db's own vptr_writes independently lists 0x820A84BC, written at 0x82261B80. unit_state = slot 184 = 0x8226ADF0, which indexes [phase+324] by local[4] and writes its answer to [phase+164] = special[0] at both exits. The phase-3 poll loop now reads end to end: unit_state(ADT308) -> special[0]; pop.i -> special[1]; cmp.i; beq. isl.py names ops 21-24; the calls artefact regenerates with NO diff. Left open and said so: the other 111 vtable slots, which comparand each site pushes, the 35 non-vtable built-ins, and the vtable's length.
434 lines
20 KiB
Python
Executable File
434 lines
20 KiB
Python
Executable File
#!/usr/bin/env python3
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"""Disassemble the ISL script bytecode inside a `Stage\\StageNN.ssb`.
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The VM is `ScriptPhase::Update` (`sub_82263408`). Everything below is read off
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the dispatcher and its 25 handlers, not guessed:
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0x822635D4 lwz r11,0(r31) ; instruction = one big-endian u32
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0x822635D8 clrlwi r4,r11,24 ; OPCODE = the LOW byte (= byte[3])
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0x822635DC cmplwi 0x18 ; 25 opcodes
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0x822635FC jump table (25 absolute VAs)
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Each handler advances the pc by `lbz r11,2(r31); add r31,r11,r31`, so
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**byte[2] is the instruction length in bytes**, and bytes [0]/[1] are operand
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kind selectors passed to the operand resolvers as `r4`.
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op 0 `lbz 0` + word@+8 -> resolve ; `lbz 1` + word@+4 -> lvalue ; stw
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(integer assignment; resolvers 0x82271D40 / 0x82272030)
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op 1 same shape with fmr/stfd (float assignment; 0x82271F10/0x82272120)
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op 12 JUMP: r31 = [phase+232] + word@+4
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-> jump operands are relative to `[phase+232]`, which is **PER PHASE**,
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not the file's 0x24. The phase initialiser sub_82270DF8 writes it
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as 0x24 + the phase's entry from the mission-level stream, whose
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three `0x1883` records carry 0xC0 / 0x14A84 / 0x24B28 for Stage 02
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-> bases 0xE4 / 0x14AA8 / 0x24B4C.
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MEASURED: with 0xE4, 525 of 525 phase-1 branch targets land on an
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instruction boundary; with 0x24, only 188. Using 0x24 for every
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phase -- which this tool did -- gives wrong targets in phases 2
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and 3, and mostly-wrong ones in phase 1.
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op 19 CALL BUILT-IN: `sub_82272220` reads the id from **word@+4**
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(`lwz r11,4(r28); cmplwi 0x92` -> 147 built-ins, table 0x8227226C)
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and word@+8 into [phase+200].
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op 20 sets r29=1 and takes the suspend path -> yield/return.
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Handler return codes drive the outer loop: 0 = continue, 1 = suspend,
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2/3 = other exits (`0x82263828`).
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Instruction layout, confirmed by the decode reading cleanly from the code base
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and by every routine ending on a `ret`:
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byte[3] opcode | byte[2] length | byte[1],byte[0] operand kinds
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following words: operands (12 bytes is the common `call` form)
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**Operand kinds** (resolver table `0x82271D74`, 4 entries):
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0 global[i] lis 0x828E / bl 82454A40 / lwzx -- indexed global array
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1 immediate mr r3,r31 -- the operand word itself
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2 special[i] [phase+164] if i==0 else [phase+168]
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3 local[i] addi r3,r3,20 / lwzx -- [phase+20 + i]
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so the recurring pair
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set.i k=01,02 <A> <V> special[A] = V (immediate -> special)
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set.i k=02,03 <B> <0> local[B] = special[0]
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is **argument staging**: values land in `local[]` slots 0,4,8,0xC… and the next
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`call` consumes them. That is why a built-in's arguments are not in its own
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instruction.
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A `call` carries the built-in id in word@+4 and a monotonically increasing
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STATEMENT ID in word@+8 (0x245, 0x248, 0x24A, ... across a routine) -- the value
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`sub_82272220` stores to `[phase+200]`, i.e. a source-position counter.
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Usage: isl.py <file.ssb> <offset> [count] offsets are FILE offsets
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isl.py <file.ssb> --entry <off> follow from a code-base offset
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isl.py <file.ssb> --calls every built-in call site + histogram
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isl.py <file.ssb> --to <target> [n] resync and disassemble INTO target
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"""
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import struct
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import sys
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CODE_BASE_FIELD = 0x08 # .ssb header: code offset (0x24 in every file)
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# opcode -> (mnemonic, handler VA) from the jump table
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KIND = {0: 'global', 1: 'imm', 2: 'special', 3: 'local'}
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# op10 `cmp.i` resolves its two operands as
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# LHS = resolve(kind byte[1], word@+4) `lbz r4,1(pc)` + `lwz r5,4(pc)`
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# RHS = resolve(kind byte[0], word@+8) `lbz r4,0(pc)` + `lwz r5,8(pc)`
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# and issues a SIGNED `cmp cr6, 0, LHS, RHS`. op11 `cmp.f` is the same shape
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# through the float resolvers with `fcmpu`. So a listing line
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# cmp.i k=01,02 00000000 00000002
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# reads LHS = special[0], RHS = imm 2 -- "compare special[0] with 2".
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# Built-in names, from the 147-entry table at 0x8227226C. Only the ones whose
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# handler was actually read are named; the rest print as a bare id rather than a
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# guess. See docs/re/structures/isl-builtins.md.
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BUILTIN = {
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1: 'start_coroutine', 2: 'deploy_squadron', 3: 'move_order', 4: 'wait_s',
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5: 'kill_coroutine', 6: 'END_PHASE', 8: 'set_flag', 9: 'read_freg',
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10: 'random', 11: 'end_coroutine', 12: 'activate_unit',
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13: 'play_se', 14: 'play_bgm',
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15: 'set_group_speed',
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17: 'wait_frames', 18: 'dist_lt', 20: 'hp_pct_test', 24: 'squad_survival_pct',
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26: 'damage_unit', 30: 'objective_marker', 31: 'objective_marker_at_route',
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33: 'global_counter0', 34: 'global_counter1', 36: 'screen_fade',
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39: 'MARK_LAST_PHASE', 40: 'mark_not_last', 43: 'play_voice',
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45: 'play_voice_vol', 46: 'squadron_trace', 47: 'squadron_attack',
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48: 'squadron_escort', 52: 'play_stream', 53: 'sound_busy', 54: 'stop_sound',
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56: 'unit_relation', 59: 'fade_sound', 62: 'FORCE_END_PHASE', 64: 'request_script_message',
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69: 'unit_state', 70: 'unit_alive', 72: 'group_ratio_pct', 73: 'timer_start',
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74: 'timer_limit',
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# ❌ 88 'camera_at' and 90 'camera_at_route' WITHDRAWN. 88 has ZERO call
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# sites in all 28 stages, so its name was never testable. 90 has exactly 8,
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# all in Stage 02 phase 3 (the cruise-missile act), and its first operand
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# resolves to symbol-table-1 type 7 -- `eff_n0071`, an EFFECT name -- in
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# 8/8, with a per-missile `Route_ADT30N_p3M` at slot 20. Whatever it does,
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# it is not aimed at a camera. Left unnamed rather than renamed on a guess.
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77: 'banner_mission_start', 78: 'banner_mission_complete',
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81: 'banner_objective_update', 82: 'banner_mission_failed',
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135: 'banner_mission_restart',
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93: 'clear_flag', 94: 'is_engaged', 95: 'unit_hp_pct', 100: 'reset_phase_threads',
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102: 'prompt_yes_no', 108: 'deploy_squadron_ex',
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109: 'set_unit_flags', 115: 'named_event',
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120: 'wait_cmds_drained', 123: 'timer_resume', 124: 'timer_stop',
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125: 'timer_reset', 126: 'timer_elapsed', 127: 'timer_set',
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132: 'player_gauge0_test', 133: 'player_gauge1_test', 134: 'player_byte',
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137: 'wait_units_ready', 139: 'fade_to_black_end', 142: 'deploy_and_wait',
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143: 'deploy_and_wait2', 145: 'random_rand',
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}
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OPS = {
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0: 'set.i', 1: 'set.f',
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2: 'cmp.a', 4: 'cmp.a', 6: 'cmp.a', 8: 'cmp.a',
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3: 'cmp.b', 5: 'cmp.b', 7: 'cmp.b', 9: 'cmp.b',
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# 10-18: a condition-code architecture, read off the handlers. op10/op11
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# COMPARE and write three bits into a bitset at `phase+24`
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# bit 0 = EQ bit 1 = GT bit 2 = LT
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# and 13-18 branch on those bits to `[phase+232] + word@+4` -- the same
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# phase-relative target form as the unconditional op12. All six relations
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# are present, which is itself the check that the reading is right.
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10: 'cmp.i', 11: 'cmp.f', 12: 'jmp',
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13: 'beq', 14: 'bne', 15: 'blt', 16: 'ble', 17: 'bgt', 18: 'bge',
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19: 'call', 20: 'ret',
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# 21-24 name the deque ops -- see structures/isl-bytecode.md, verified from
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# the thunks: 21 pushes [phase+168] onto the deque at phase+44, 22 pushes
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# [phase+184] onto phase+64, and 23/24 pop back into +168 / +184.
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21: 'push.i', 22: 'push.f', 23: 'pop.i', 24: 'pop.f',
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}
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def load(path):
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return open(path, 'rb').read()
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def symbols(b, which):
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"""Parse a .ssb symbol table -> {index: (type, name)}.
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Built-in argument blobs carry INDICES into these: fields that index
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`[phase+244]` are symtab-1 (routes, messages, subobjectives) and fields that
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index `[phase+324]` are symtab-2 (the unit ids). Resolving them is what turns
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`unit_state(0x2b)` into `unit_state(ADN201)`.
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"""
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off = struct.unpack_from('>I', b, 0x0C if which == 1 else 0x10)[0]
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cnt = struct.unpack_from('>I', b, off)[0]
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base = off + 4
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out = {}
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for i in range(cnt):
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o = struct.unpack_from('>I', b, base + 4 * i)[0]
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if o == 0:
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continue
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rp = base + o
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typ = struct.unpack_from('>I', b, rp)[0]
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e = b.index(b'\0', rp + 4)
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out[i] = (typ, b[rp + 4:e].decode('latin-1'))
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return out
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# Built-ins whose operand blob carries a symbol-table-2 (unit) index, by slot.
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#
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# Derived from the DATA, not from reading 147 handlers: across all 28 stages a
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# slot qualifies only if every observed value is a valid symtab-2 index, it takes
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# >=15 distinct values, and its maximum reaches most of the table (symtab-2 tops
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# out at 122 entries, so a non-index slot overruns). That last clause is what
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# makes the test discriminating -- plain range-checking cannot separate an index
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# from a bool, because every small integer is "in range".
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#
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# It also refutes one tempting entry: `set_flag`'s slot 0 passes the range and
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# spread tests but its maximum EXCEEDS the table (flag indices run 0..31 against
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# tables as small as 40), so it is excluded. Slots are only listed here when the
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# ratio stayed below 1.0.
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UNIT_ARG = {2, 3, 7, 12, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 47, 48,
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56, 57, 58, 63, 69, 70, 79, 91, 92, 95, 105, 108, 128, 143}
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UNIT_ARG2 = {2, 18, 47, 48, 56, 79, 95, 128} # a SECOND unit index at blob[12]
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UNIT_ARG3 = {128} # and a third at blob[20]
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UNIT_SLOTS = {4: UNIT_ARG, 12: UNIT_ARG2, 20: UNIT_ARG3}
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# WHY the unit indices sit at 4/12/20 and never at 0/8/16: a **symbol operand is
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# a two-word pair** -- a tag word holding the constant 1, then the index. The
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# tag is not data, so printing it puts a meaningless leading `0x1` in front of
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# every unit predicate.
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#
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# Measured over all 28 stages:
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# * slot 0 is the integer 1 in 19899 / 19899 calls whose slot 4 is a unit;
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# * slot 8 is tag-shaped in 100% of calls for every built-in taking a second
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# unit, and slot 16 is the constant 1 in 152/152 for built-in 128, the only
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# one taking a third;
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# * 24 built-ins have a slot 0 that is NOT the constant -- and every one of
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# them takes no symbol at slot 4 (`start_coroutine` a code offset, `wait_s`
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# a double, `set_flag` an index).
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#
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# The tag does NOT generalise to "every even slot is a tag": slot 8 is a bare
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# double for built-ins 4, 20, 24, 26, 28, 29, 90, 106 and 127, and built-in 75
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# carries five bare symbol indices at 0/4/8/12/16 with no tags at all. Each
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# built-in has a fixed signature and is 100% consistent with itself; none mixes.
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TAG_SLOTS = {slot - 4 for slot in UNIT_SLOTS}
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# Symbol table 1 holds three types, and its slots were measured the same way as
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# the unit slots (every observed value resolves, >=5 distinct values, and the
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# resolved type is pure):
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# type 1 (1362 entries) `Route_*` names
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# type 6 (2247) message / objective names
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# type 7 (81) `eff_*` effect names
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SYM1_SLOTS = {
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0: {64, 75, 115}, # 64 & 75 type 6; 115 type 7
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4: {75, 136},
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8: {75},
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12: {2, 3, 7, 16, 19, 25, 75, 108, 143},
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16: {75},
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20: {90},
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24: {48},
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28: {128},
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}
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# Deliberately NOT listed: built-ins 24@4, 46@12 and 114@4 resolve 100% but mix
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# type 6 and type 1, so the slot's meaning is not one thing. Recorded rather
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# than guessed at.
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# Symbol table 2 holds TWO entity types: type 2 (1160 entries disc-wide) and
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# type 8 (249). They are not interchangeable -- built-ins 95 and 128 take a
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# type-2 unit at slot 4 and, at slot 12, an operand that is type 8 in 100% of
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# its 90 and 152 call sites respectively. What distinguishes the two classes is
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# not yet established.
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def linear_offsets(b, start=None):
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"""Every instruction offset, decoding linearly from the first phase base.
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MEASURED over all 28 stages: this reaches 25705/25705 of the call sites
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`call_sites()` finds by scanning the encoding, and every file decodes clean
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to `code_end` with no desync. The instruction stream is therefore FLAT --
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reaching a call site needs no control-flow reconstruction at all.
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"""
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end = struct.unpack_from('>I', b, 0x0C)[0] # symtab1 = end of code
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if start is None:
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start = phase_bases(b)[0]
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out = []
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off = start
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while off + 4 <= end:
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out.append(off)
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ln = (struct.unpack_from('>I', b, off)[0] >> 8) & 0xFF
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if ln == 0 or ln % 2:
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break
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off += ln
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return out
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def dis(b, off, count=40, code_base=0x24, args=True, sym2=None, sym1=None,
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stop_at_ret=True):
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"""`stop_at_ret` preserves the ORIGINAL behaviour and is wrong for reading.
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op 20 is `ret`, but in a coroutine VM that is a YIELD: the thread suspends
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and later resumes at the following instruction, so code continues after it.
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Stopping there reaches only 133 of Stage 02's 2846 call sites (4.7%);
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continuing reaches all 2846. Pass `stop_at_ret=False` to read a listing.
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"""
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out = []
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staged = {} # local[] slot -> last value staged into it
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pending = None # value most recently put in special[0]
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for _ in range(count):
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if off + 4 > len(b):
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break
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w = struct.unpack_from('>I', b, off)[0]
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op = w & 0xFF
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ln = (w >> 8) & 0xFF
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k1 = (w >> 24) & 0xFF
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k0 = (w >> 16) & 0xFF
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name = OPS.get(op, 'op%d?' % op)
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words = []
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n = max(ln, 4)
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for i in range(4, n, 4):
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if off + i + 4 <= len(b):
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words.append(struct.unpack_from('>I', b, off + i)[0])
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extra = ''
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if op in (0, 1) and len(words) >= 2:
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# op 0/1: lvalue = (kind byte[1], word@+4); rvalue = (kind byte[0], word@+8)
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rv = words[1]
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extra = ' %s[%d] = %s%s' % (
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KIND.get(k0, '?%d' % k0), words[0],
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KIND.get(k1, '?%d' % k1),
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('' if k1 == 1 else '[%s]' % rv) if True else '')
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if k1 == 1:
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if op == 1:
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lo = words[2] if len(words) > 2 else 0
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extra += ' %.6g' % struct.unpack(
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'>d', struct.pack('>II', words[1], lo))[0]
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else:
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extra += ' 0x%X' % words[1]
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# track the staging pattern so a call can show its arguments
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if op in (0, 1) and len(words) >= 2:
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if k0 == 2 and k1 == 1:
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if op == 1:
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# op 1 stores with stfd, so an immediate float operand is a
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# DOUBLE carried as two words -- reading only the high word
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# as a float gives 2.125 where the script means 3.0.
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lo = words[2] if len(words) > 2 else 0
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pending = '%.6g' % struct.unpack(
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'>d', struct.pack('>II', words[1], lo))[0]
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else:
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pending = words[1]
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elif k0 == 3 and k1 == 2 and pending is not None:
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staged[words[0]] = pending
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elif k0 == 3 and k1 == 1:
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# local[i] = immediate, DIRECTLY -- the common form. Missing this
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# made every unit predicate print with no arguments at all.
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if op == 1:
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lo = words[2] if len(words) > 2 else 0
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staged[words[0]] = '%.6g' % struct.unpack(
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'>d', struct.pack('>II', words[1], lo))[0]
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else:
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staged[words[0]] = words[1]
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if op == 19 and words:
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extra = ' %s' % BUILTIN.get(words[0], 'builtin%d' % words[0])
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if args and staged:
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parts = []
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# The tag word in front of a symbol operand is not an argument.
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tags = {slot - 4 for slot, ids in UNIT_SLOTS.items()
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if words[0] in ids and slot in staged}
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for slot, v in sorted(staged.items()):
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if slot in tags and v == 1:
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continue
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txt = ('0x%X' % v) if isinstance(v, int) else v
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# Resolve only a slot that is declared an index AND whose
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# value really is one -- a resolver that invents a name for
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# a non-index is worse than one that prints the raw number.
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if (sym2 and words[0] in UNIT_SLOTS.get(slot, ())
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and isinstance(v, int) and v in sym2):
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txt = sym2[v][1]
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elif (sym1 and words[0] in SYM1_SLOTS.get(slot, ())
|
|
and isinstance(v, int) and v in sym1):
|
|
txt = sym1[v][1]
|
|
parts.append(txt)
|
|
extra += '(' + ', '.join(parts) + ')'
|
|
staged = {}
|
|
elif op == 12 and words:
|
|
extra = ' -> code+0x%X (file 0x%X)' % (words[0], code_base + words[0])
|
|
out.append('%06X: %08X %-6s len=%-3d k=%02x,%02x %s%s' % (
|
|
off, w, name, ln, k1, k0,
|
|
' '.join('%08X' % x for x in words), extra))
|
|
if ln == 0:
|
|
out.append(' (length 0 -- stopping)')
|
|
break
|
|
off += ln
|
|
if op == 20 and stop_at_ret:
|
|
break
|
|
return out
|
|
|
|
|
|
def call_sites(b):
|
|
"""Every `call` in the code region. Scans on the encoding, not by decoding,
|
|
so a bad length somewhere cannot hide the rest of the file."""
|
|
code_end = struct.unpack_from('>I', b, 0x0C)[0] # symtab1 = end of code
|
|
out = []
|
|
off = struct.unpack_from('>I', b, CODE_BASE_FIELD)[0]
|
|
while off + 12 <= code_end:
|
|
w = struct.unpack_from('>I', b, off)[0]
|
|
if (w & 0xFF) == 0x13 and ((w >> 8) & 0xFF) == 12 and (w >> 16) == 0:
|
|
bid = struct.unpack_from('>I', b, off + 4)[0]
|
|
if bid <= 0x92:
|
|
out.append((off, bid, struct.unpack_from('>I', b, off + 8)[0]))
|
|
off += 4
|
|
return out
|
|
|
|
|
|
def resync(b, target, back=400):
|
|
"""Find a start from which linear decode lands exactly on `target`.
|
|
|
|
Instructions are variable-length, so you cannot simply walk backwards; but a
|
|
wrong start almost always desynchronises into an invalid length, so trying
|
|
every 4-byte start in a window and keeping the one that hits the target
|
|
exactly is reliable in practice.
|
|
"""
|
|
for start in range(max(0, target - back), target, 4):
|
|
off = start
|
|
for _ in range(300):
|
|
if off >= target or off + 4 > len(b):
|
|
break
|
|
ln = (struct.unpack_from('>I', b, off)[0] >> 8) & 0xFF
|
|
if ln == 0 or ln % 2:
|
|
off = -1
|
|
break
|
|
off += ln
|
|
if off == target:
|
|
return start
|
|
return None
|
|
|
|
|
|
def phase_bases(b):
|
|
"""The per-phase code bases, from the mission-level stream's 0x1883 records."""
|
|
out = []
|
|
off = struct.unpack_from('>I', b, CODE_BASE_FIELD)[0]
|
|
for o in range(0x24, 0x100, 4):
|
|
if struct.unpack_from('>I', b, o)[0] == 0x1883:
|
|
out.append(off + struct.unpack_from('>I', b, o + 4)[0])
|
|
return out
|
|
|
|
|
|
if __name__ == '__main__':
|
|
b = load(sys.argv[1])
|
|
if sys.argv[2:3] == ['--calls']:
|
|
import collections
|
|
cs = call_sites(b)
|
|
h = collections.Counter(bid for _, bid, _ in cs)
|
|
print('%d call sites, %d distinct built-ins' % (len(cs), len(h)))
|
|
for bid, n in h.most_common():
|
|
print(' builtin %-4d %5d site(s)' % (bid, n))
|
|
sys.exit(0)
|
|
if sys.argv[2:3] == ['--to']:
|
|
t = int(sys.argv[3], 0)
|
|
st = resync(b, t)
|
|
if st is None:
|
|
print('could not resync into 0x%X' % t); sys.exit(1)
|
|
print('resync from 0x%X' % st)
|
|
print('\n'.join(dis(b, st, int(sys.argv[4], 0) if len(sys.argv) > 4 else 40,
|
|
sym2=symbols(b, 2))))
|
|
sys.exit(0)
|
|
code_base = struct.unpack_from('>I', b, CODE_BASE_FIELD)[0]
|
|
a = sys.argv[2]
|
|
if a == '--entry':
|
|
off = code_base + int(sys.argv[3], 0)
|
|
else:
|
|
off = int(a, 0)
|
|
cnt = int(sys.argv[4], 0) if len(sys.argv) > 4 else 40
|
|
print('code base 0x%X, disassembling from 0x%X' % (code_base, off))
|
|
print('\n'.join(dis(b, off, cnt, code_base)))
|