[GPU] F10 ship-placement capture: dump world-space draw vertices for RE

One-shot snapshot for reversing capital-ship part placement. F10 arms
RequestShipCaptureFrame(); the next batch of draws is dumped to
xenia_ship_capture.log with each draw's guest vertex-buffer address, vertex/
index counts, and up to 64 WORLD-space vertex positions. Capital-ship parts are
transformed into world space before the draw (unlike stage geometry, which
matches the .xpr byte-for-byte), so these are ground truth for the assembled
placement; a reborn-side correlator affine-fits each decoded .xpr part to a
captured draw to recover its exact transform. De-duped by buffer address, gated
independently of the log_draws cvar, budget-capped at 8000 draws / 4096 buffers.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/xenia/app/emulator_window.cc

@@ -1067,6 +1067,11 @@ void EmulatorWindow::OnKeyDown(ui::KeyEvent& e) {
     case ui::VirtualKey::kF12: {
       TakeScreenshot();
     } break;
+    case ui::VirtualKey::kF10: {
+      // RE: snapshot the next frame's draws (world-space vertex positions) to
+      // xenia_ship_capture.log for capital-ship placement correlation.
+      xe::gpu::RequestShipCaptureFrame();
+    } break;
 
     case ui::VirtualKey::kEscape: {
       // Allow users to escape fullscreen (but not enter it).

src/xenia/gpu/command_processor.cc

@@ -125,8 +125,115 @@ const char* ReVertexFormatName(xenos::VertexFormat f) {
 }
 }  // namespace
 
+// ── Ship-placement capture (RE) ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+// A hotkey (F10 in the emulator window) requests a one-shot snapshot: the next
+// batch of draws is dumped to xenia_ship_capture.log with each draw's guest
+// vertex-buffer address, vertex/index counts, and up to 64 WORLD-space vertex
+// positions. Capital-ship parts are transformed into world space before the
+// draw, so these positions are ground truth for the assembled placement — a
+// tool correlates each draw to a decoded .xpr part (vertex count → affine fit).
+// De-duped by buffer address, so a static ship's parts collapse to one record
+// each even across the few frames the budget spans.
+namespace {
+constexpr int kShipCaptureBudget = 8000;  // draws to scan per request
+std::atomic<uint32_t> g_ship_capture_gen{0};
+std::atomic<int> g_ship_capture_remaining{0};
+}  // namespace
+
+void RequestShipCaptureFrame() {
+  g_ship_capture_gen.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+  g_ship_capture_remaining.store(kShipCaptureBudget, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+  XELOGI("[SHIP-CAP] capture armed → xenia_ship_capture.log");
+}
+
+void CommandProcessor::CaptureShipDrawForRE(
+    uint32_t vgt_draw_initiator_value,
+    const IndexBufferInfo* index_buffer_info) {
+  if (g_ship_capture_remaining.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) <= 0) {
+    return;
+  }
+  static std::mutex cap_mutex;
+  static std::ofstream cap_out;
+  static std::unordered_set<uint32_t> cap_seen;  // by vertex-buffer address
+  static uint32_t cap_gen = 0;
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cap_mutex);
+  if (g_ship_capture_remaining.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) <= 0) {
+    return;
+  }
+  // A new request (fresh generation) reopens the file and clears the de-dup set.
+  uint32_t gen = g_ship_capture_gen.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+  if (gen != cap_gen || !cap_out.is_open()) {
+    cap_out.open("xenia_ship_capture.log", std::ios::out | std::ios::trunc);
+    cap_seen.clear();
+    cap_gen = gen;
+    XELOGI("[SHIP-CAP] writing xenia_ship_capture.log");
+  }
+  g_ship_capture_remaining.fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+  if (!cap_out.is_open()) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  reg::VGT_DRAW_INITIATOR init;
+  init.value = vgt_draw_initiator_value;
+  Shader* vs = active_vertex_shader_;
+  if (!vs || !vs->is_ucode_analyzed() || vs->vertex_bindings().empty()) {
+    return;
+  }
+  const auto& binding = vs->vertex_bindings()[0];
+  xenos::xe_gpu_vertex_fetch_t fetch =
+      register_file_->GetVertexFetch(binding.fetch_constant);
+  int32_t pos_off_bytes = -1;
+  for (const auto& attr : binding.attributes) {
+    if (attr.fetch_instr.attributes.data_format ==
+        xenos::VertexFormat::k_32_32_32_FLOAT) {
+      pos_off_bytes = attr.fetch_instr.attributes.offset * 4;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  uint32_t stride = binding.stride_words * 4;
+  uint32_t vbase = uint32_t(fetch.address) << 2;
+  uint32_t buf_bytes = uint32_t(fetch.size) * 4;
+  if (pos_off_bytes < 0 || stride == 0 || vbase == 0) {
+    return;  // no float-position stream (UI/effects) — skip
+  }
+  // One record per distinct vertex buffer.
+  if (!cap_seen.insert(vbase).second) {
+    return;
+  }
+  if (cap_seen.size() > 4096) {
+    return;
+  }
+  uint32_t vcount = buf_bytes / stride;
+  cap_out << fmt::format(
+      "DRAW vbase=0x{:08X} stride={} vcount={} indices={} prim={} vs=0x{:016X}\n",
+      vbase, stride, vcount, uint32_t(init.num_indices),
+      uint32_t(init.prim_type), vs->ucode_data_hash());
+  uint32_t n = vcount < 64 ? vcount : 64;
+  cap_out << "  pos:";
+  auto be_f32 = [](const uint8_t* q) {
+    uint32_t w = (uint32_t(q[0]) << 24) | (uint32_t(q[1]) << 16) |
+                 (uint32_t(q[2]) << 8) | uint32_t(q[3]);
+    float f;
+    std::memcpy(&f, &w, 4);
+    return f;
+  };
+  for (uint32_t v = 0; v < n; ++v) {
+    uint32_t a = vbase + v * stride + uint32_t(pos_off_bytes);
+    const uint8_t* p = memory_->TranslatePhysical<const uint8_t*>(a);
+    if (!p) {
+      break;
+    }
+    cap_out << fmt::format(" ({:.4f},{:.4f},{:.4f})", be_f32(p), be_f32(p + 4),
+                           be_f32(p + 8));
+  }
+  cap_out << "\n";
+  cap_out.flush();
+}
+
 void CommandProcessor::LogDrawForRE(uint32_t vgt_draw_initiator_value,
                                     const IndexBufferInfo* index_buffer_info) {
+  // One-shot ship-placement capture runs independently of the log_draws cvar.
+  CaptureShipDrawForRE(vgt_draw_initiator_value, index_buffer_info);
   if (!cvars::log_draws) {
     return;
   }

src/xenia/gpu/command_processor.h

@@ -35,6 +35,10 @@ class ByteStream;
 
 namespace gpu {
 
+// Arm a one-shot ship-placement capture (see CommandProcessor::CaptureShipDrawForRE).
+// Called from the UI thread (F10 hotkey); thread-safe. Defined in command_processor.cc.
+void RequestShipCaptureFrame();
+
 enum class GPUSetting { ClearMemoryPageState, ReadbackMemexport };
 
 enum class ReadbackResolveMode {
@@ -453,6 +457,14 @@ class CommandProcessor {
   void LogDrawForRE(uint32_t vgt_draw_initiator_value,
                     const IndexBufferInfo* index_buffer_info);
 
+  // Ship-placement capture (RE): a one-shot snapshot armed by RequestShipCaptureFrame()
+  // (F10 hotkey). Dumps each draw's guest vertex-buffer address, vertex/index
+  // counts, and up to 64 WORLD-space positions to xenia_ship_capture.log, so a
+  // correlator can recover each capital-ship part's exact placement. Defined in
+  // command_processor.cc.
+  void CaptureShipDrawForRE(uint32_t vgt_draw_initiator_value,
+                            const IndexBufferInfo* index_buffer_info);
+
   // "Actual" is for the command processor thread, to be read by the
   // implementations.
   SwapPostEffect GetActualSwapPostEffect() const {