# `vmulouh` — Vector Multiply Odd Unsigned Half Word

> **Category:** [VMX (Altivec)](../categories/vmx.md) · **Form:** [VX](../forms/VX.md) · **Opcode:** `0x10000048`

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## Assembler Mnemonics

| Mnemonic | XML entry | Flags | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `vmulouh` | `vmulouh` | — | Vector Multiply Odd Unsigned Half Word |

## Syntax

```asm
vmulouh [VD], [VA], [VB]
```

## Encoding

### `vmulouh` — form `VX`

- **Opcode word:** `0x10000048`
- **Primary opcode (bits 0–5):** `4`
- **Extended opcode:** `72`
- **Synchronising:** no

| Bits | Field | Meaning |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 0–5 | `OPCD` | primary opcode (4) |
| 6–10 | `VRT/VD` | destination vector register |
| 11–15 | `VRA/VA` | source A vector register |
| 16–20 | `VRB/VB` | source B vector register |
| 21–31 | `XO` | extended opcode (11 bits) |

## Operands

| Field | Role | Description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `VA` | vmulouh: read | Source A vector register. |
| `VB` | vmulouh: read | Source B vector register. |
| `VD` | vmulouh: write | Destination vector register. |

## Register Effects

### `vmulouh`

- **Reads (always):** `VA`, `VB`
- **Reads (conditional):** _none_
- **Writes (always):** `VD`
- **Writes (conditional):** _none_

## Status-Register Effects

_No condition-register or status-register effects._

## Operation (pseudocode)

```
; Pseudocode derives directly from the xenia-rs interpreter
; arm (see Implementation References). Operation semantics:
;   - Read source operands from the fields listed under Operands.
;   - Apply the arithmetic / logical / memory action described
;     in the Description field above.
;   - Write results to the destination register(s); update any
;     status bits enumerated under Status-Register Effects.
; Consult the IBM AIX reference link under IBM Reference for
; canonical PPC-style pseudocode where xenia's expression is
; terse.
```

## C Translation Example

```c
/* C translation: the xenia-rs interpreter arm below in           */
/* Implementation References is the authoritative semantic        */
/* snapshot. Translate it line-by-line:                            */
/*   - ctx.gpr[N]  -> r[N]       (or f[]/v[] for FPRs/VRs)        */
/*   - mem.read_u*/write_u* -> mem_read_u*_be / mem_write_u*_be   */
/*   - ctx.update_cr_signed(fld, v) -> update_cr_signed(fld, v)   */
/*   - ctx.xer_ca / xer_ov / xer_so -> xer.CA / xer.OV / xer.SO   */
/* The Register Effects and Status-Register Effects tables above  */
/* enumerate every side effect a faithful translation must emit.  */
```

## Implementation References

**`vmulouh`**
- xenia-canary XML: [`tools/ppc-instructions.xml` — search for `mnem="vmulouh"`](../../xenia-canary/tools/ppc-instructions.xml)
- xenia-canary emit: [`src/xenia/cpu/ppc/ppc_emit_altivec.cc:1121`](../../xenia-canary/src/xenia/cpu/ppc/ppc_emit_altivec.cc#L1121)
- xenia-rs opcode: [`crates/xenia-cpu/src/opcode.rs:109`](../../xenia-rs/crates/xenia-cpu/src/opcode.rs#L109)
- xenia-rs decoder: [`crates/xenia-cpu/src/decoder.rs:444`](../../xenia-rs/crates/xenia-cpu/src/decoder.rs#L444)
- xenia-rs interpreter: [`crates/xenia-cpu/src/interpreter.rs:3493-3500`](../../xenia-rs/crates/xenia-cpu/src/interpreter.rs#L3493-L3500)
<details><summary>xenia-rs interpreter body (frozen snapshot)</summary>

```rust
        PpcOpcode::vmulouh => {
            let a = ctx.vr[instr.ra()].as_u16x8();
            let b = ctx.vr[instr.rb()].as_u16x8();
            let mut r = [0u32; 4];
            for i in 0..4 { r[i] = a[2 * i + 1] as u32 * b[2 * i + 1] as u32; }
            ctx.vr[instr.rd()] = xenia_types::Vec128::from_u32x4_array(r);
            ctx.pc += 4;
        }
```
</details>

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## Special Cases & Edge Conditions

- **Odd-lane unsigned half-word multiply.** Only half-word lanes 1, 3, 5, 7 (big-endian) of `VA` and `VB` participate. Each 16×16 unsigned product widens to a 32-bit word in `VD`. Pairing: `VD.w[i] = VA.h[2*i+1] * VB.h[2*i+1]` for `i ∈ 0..3`.
- **Lane-count reduction.** 8 half-word lanes → 4 word lanes.
- **No overflow.** `0xFFFF * 0xFFFF = 0xFFFE0001` fits in uint32. `VSCR[SAT]` is untouched.
- **Pair with [`vmuleuh`](vmuleuh.md)** to multiply every half-word; interleave via `vmrghw`/`vmrglw`, or feed into [`vmsumuhm`](vmsumuhm.md)/[`vmsumuhs`](vmsumuhs.md).
- **Unsigned arithmetic.** Zero-extension; contrast with [`vmulosh`](vmulosh.md).
- **No `Rc`, no XER.** No VMX128 sibling.

## Related Instructions

- [`vmuleuh`](vmuleuh.md) — even-lane unsigned half-word twin.
- [`vmulosh`](vmulosh.md), [`vmulesh`](vmulesh.md) — signed half-word even/odd.
- [`vmuloub`](vmuloub.md), [`vmuleub`](vmuleub.md) — byte-granularity even/odd.
- [`vmsumuhm`](vmsumuhm.md), [`vmsumuhs`](vmsumuhs.md) — fused unsigned multiply-sum modulo / saturating.
- [`vmrghw`](vmrghw.md), [`vmrglw`](vmrglw.md) — interleave word results.

## IBM Reference

- [AIX 7.3 — `vmulouh` (Vector Multiply Odd Unsigned Half Word)](https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/aix/7.3.0?topic=set-vmulouh-vector-multiply-odd-unsigned-half-word-instruction)
- [IBM AltiVec Technology Programmer's Interface Manual, Chapter 4 — Integer Arithmetic](https://www.nxp.com/docs/en/reference-manual/ALTIVECPIM.pdf)