xenia-rs/migration/project-root/ppc-manual/vmx/vand.md

vand — Vector Logical AND

Category: VMX (Altivec) · Form: VX · Opcode: 0x10000404

Assembler Mnemonics

Mnemonic	XML entry	Flags	Description
vand	vand	—	Vector Logical AND
vand128	vand128	—	Vector128 Logical AND

Syntax

vand [VD], [VA], [VB]
vand128 [VD], [VA], [VB]

Encoding

vand — form VX

• Opcode word: 0x10000404
• Primary opcode (bits 0–5): 4
• Extended opcode: 1028
• Synchronising: no

Bits	Field	Meaning
0–5	OPCD	primary opcode (4)
6–10	VRT/VD	destination vector register
11–15	VRA/VA	source A vector register
16–20	VRB/VB	source B vector register
21–31	XO	extended opcode (11 bits)

vand128 — form VX128

• Opcode word: 0x14000210
• Primary opcode (bits 0–5): 5
• Extended opcode: 528
• Synchronising: no

Bits	Field	Meaning
0–5	OPCD	primary opcode (4 or 5)
6–10	VD128l	destination low 5 bits
11–15	VA128l	source A low 5 bits
16–20	VB128l	source B low 5 bits
21	VA128H	source A high bit
22	—	reserved
23–25	VC	optional VC / XO sub-field
26	VA128h	source A middle bit
27	—	reserved
28–29	VD128h	destination high 2 bits
30–31	VB128h	source B high 2 bits

Operands

Field	Role	Description
VA	vand: read; vand128: read	Source A vector register.
VB	vand: read; vand128: read	Source B vector register.
VD	vand: write; vand128: write	Destination vector register.

Register Effects

vand

• Reads (always): VA, VB
• Reads (conditional): none
• Writes (always): VD
• Writes (conditional): none

vand128

• Reads (always): VA, VB
• Reads (conditional): none
• Writes (always): VD
• Writes (conditional): none

Status-Register Effects

No condition-register or status-register effects.

Operation (pseudocode)

; Pseudocode derives directly from the xenia-rs interpreter
; arm (see Implementation References). Operation semantics:
;   - Read source operands from the fields listed under Operands.
;   - Apply the arithmetic / logical / memory action described
;     in the Description field above.
;   - Write results to the destination register(s); update any
;     status bits enumerated under Status-Register Effects.
; Consult the IBM AIX reference link under IBM Reference for
; canonical PPC-style pseudocode where xenia's expression is
; terse.

C Translation Example

/* C translation: the xenia-rs interpreter arm below in           */
/* Implementation References is the authoritative semantic        */
/* snapshot. Translate it line-by-line:                            */
/*   - ctx.gpr[N]  -> r[N]       (or f[]/v[] for FPRs/VRs)        */
/*   - mem.read_u*/write_u* -> mem_read_u*_be / mem_write_u*_be   */
/*   - ctx.update_cr_signed(fld, v) -> update_cr_signed(fld, v)   */
/*   - ctx.xer_ca / xer_ov / xer_so -> xer.CA / xer.OV / xer.SO   */
/* The Register Effects and Status-Register Effects tables above  */
/* enumerate every side effect a faithful translation must emit.  */

Implementation References

vand

• xenia-canary XML: tools/ppc-instructions.xml — search for mnem="vand"
• xenia-canary emit: src/xenia/cpu/ppc/ppc_emit_altivec.cc:423
• xenia-rs opcode: crates/xenia-cpu/src/opcode.rs:91
• xenia-rs decoder: crates/xenia-cpu/src/decoder.rs:521
• xenia-rs interpreter: crates/xenia-cpu/src/interpreter.rs:2208-2216

xenia-rs interpreter body (frozen snapshot)

        PpcOpcode::vand | PpcOpcode::vand128 => {
            let (va, vb, vd) = vmx_reg_triple(instr);
            let a = ctx.vr[va].as_u32x4();
            let b = ctx.vr[vb].as_u32x4();
            let mut r = [0u32; 4];
            for i in 0..4 { r[i] = a[i] & b[i]; }
            ctx.vr[vd] = xenia_types::Vec128::from_u32x4_array(r);
            ctx.pc += 4;
        }

vand128

• xenia-canary XML: tools/ppc-instructions.xml — search for mnem="vand128"
• xenia-canary emit: src/xenia/cpu/ppc/ppc_emit_altivec.cc:426
• xenia-rs opcode: crates/xenia-cpu/src/opcode.rs:91
• xenia-rs decoder: crates/xenia-cpu/src/decoder.rs:619
• xenia-rs interpreter: crates/xenia-cpu/src/interpreter.rs:2208-2216

xenia-rs interpreter body (frozen snapshot)

        PpcOpcode::vand | PpcOpcode::vand128 => {
            let (va, vb, vd) = vmx_reg_triple(instr);
            let a = ctx.vr[va].as_u32x4();
            let b = ctx.vr[vb].as_u32x4();
            let mut r = [0u32; 4];
            for i in 0..4 { r[i] = a[i] & b[i]; }
            ctx.vr[vd] = xenia_types::Vec128::from_u32x4_array(r);
            ctx.pc += 4;
        }

Special Cases & Edge Conditions

• Bitwise across the full 128 bits. VD = VA & VB. Lane width is irrelevant — the AND is bit-for-bit and there is no lane boundary. Xenia chooses to express this as four u32 ANDs, but any widening (u8, u16, u64, u128) is observationally identical.
• No flags, no exceptions, no VSCR interaction. Pure combinational op; one of the cheapest VMX instructions.
• Common usage with compares. Compare ops produce per-lane all-ones / all-zero masks; vand with the mask selects the matching lanes (clearing the rest). For "select-by-mask" with a non-zero alternative use vsel instead.
• Idiom: clear lanes. vand VD, VD, vZero zeroes a register; in practice vxor VD, VD, VD is preferred since it doesn't need a zero-vector source.
• Aliasing legal. All three operands may overlap.
• VMX128 sibling (vand128). Identical semantics with the extended 128-register encoding; xenia reuses one match arm via the vmx_reg_triple helper (see crates/xenia-cpu/src/interpreter.rs).

Related Instructions

• vandc — VA & ~VB; useful for clearing bits selected by a mask.
• vor, vxor, vnor — the rest of the bitwise family.
• vsel — bit-wise select using a mask: (VC & VB) | (~VC & VA). The recommended idiom whenever the "false" path is non-zero.
• vcmpequb and other compares — natural mask producers.

IBM Reference

• AIX 7.3 — vand (Vector Logical AND)
• IBM AltiVec Technology Programmer's Interface Manual, Chapter 6 — Logical Operations