chore: harden docker-compose deployment (bind, memory limits, no-new-privileges)

- frontend publishes on ${FRONTEND_PUBLISH_ADDR:-127.0.0.1} not 0.0.0.0 (M4).
- mem_limit on backend(4g)/postgres(1g)/frontend(512m), .env-overridable (M3).
- security_opt: no-new-privileges on app + postgres services.
New knobs documented + allowlisted in the config meta-test; compose validates.
Deferred (need host verification): image pinning, backend healthcheck, cap_drop
on postgres/tor, Postgres backup sidecar.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

.env.example

@@ -427,3 +427,14 @@ VISION_MANAGER_DATABASE_URL=
 # VISION_MEM_LOW_WATERMARK_PCT  used% >= this → inhibit starts (keep HIGH - LOW >= ~10 so the band beats jitter). Default 80.
 # VISION_MEM_YIELD_COOLDOWN     Seconds after a pressure-stop during which restart is refused regardless of backlog. Default 300.
 # VISION_MEM_POLL_INTERVAL      Mem sub-poll cadence, seconds (<= VISION_POLL_INTERVAL); catches spikes between backlog ticks. Default 5.
+
+# ---- Deployment resource bounds & exposure (docker-compose.yml) ----
+# Host interface the frontend port publishes on. Default 127.0.0.1 so SvelteKit
+# (plain HTTP) is reachable only by a host-local reverse proxy. Set 0.0.0.0 only
+# if your TLS terminator runs on a different host.
+FRONTEND_PUBLISH_ADDR=127.0.0.1
+# Per-container memory ceilings (docker mem_limit). Generous defaults; tune to
+# your host. The backend runs OCR + headless Chromium and is the heavy one.
+BACKEND_MEM_LIMIT=4g
+FRONTEND_MEM_LIMIT=512m
+POSTGRES_MEM_LIMIT=1g

backend/src/config.rs

@@ -1096,6 +1096,13 @@ mod tests {
         "BACKEND_URL",
         "BACKEND_PROXY_TIMEOUT_MS",
         "VISION_MANAGER_DATABASE_URL",
+        // Compose-level deployment knobs (port publish interface + per-container
+        // memory ceilings) — consumed by docker-compose.yml itself, never read
+        // by the backend process, so they don't belong in its environment block.
+        "FRONTEND_PUBLISH_ADDR",
+        "BACKEND_MEM_LIMIT",
+        "FRONTEND_MEM_LIMIT",
+        "POSTGRES_MEM_LIMIT",
     ];
 
     /// Keys whose compose RHS is intentionally NOT a `${KEY...}`

docker-compose.yml

@@ -23,6 +23,12 @@ services:
     # takes the whole stack offline. Match the policy already set on
     # tor / docker-socket-proxy / vision-manager.
     restart: unless-stopped
+    # Bound Postgres so a runaway query/backlog can't consume all host RAM.
+    # Tune to your host via .env (should comfortably exceed shared_buffers +
+    # work_mem * max_connections).
+    mem_limit: ${POSTGRES_MEM_LIMIT:-1g}
+    security_opt:
+      - no-new-privileges:true
 
   tor:
     # SOCKS5 proxy for the crawler, plus a control port so the backend
@@ -197,6 +203,13 @@ services:
     expose:
       - "8080"
     restart: unless-stopped
+    # Bound the heaviest consumer: the backend hosts the OCR/analysis worker and
+    # drives a headless Chromium crawler, either of which can balloon and
+    # OOM-kill the host (taking Postgres with it) with no limit. Tune to your
+    # host via .env — this default is a generous ceiling, not a target.
+    mem_limit: ${BACKEND_MEM_LIMIT:-4g}
+    security_opt:
+      - no-new-privileges:true
 
   frontend:
     build: ./frontend
@@ -213,8 +226,17 @@ services:
       # to 300000 (5 min) in hooks.server.ts; raise/lower via .env.
       BACKEND_PROXY_TIMEOUT_MS: ${BACKEND_PROXY_TIMEOUT_MS:-300000}
     ports:
-      - "3000:3000"
+      # Bind to loopback by default so SvelteKit (plain HTTP; COOKIE_SECURE=true
+      # expects TLS in front) is reachable ONLY by a host-local reverse proxy,
+      # not cleartext over the LAN/internet. A host-external TLS terminator can
+      # set FRONTEND_PUBLISH_ADDR=0.0.0.0 (or a specific interface) in .env.
+      - "${FRONTEND_PUBLISH_ADDR:-127.0.0.1}:3000:3000"
     restart: unless-stopped
+    # Cap runaway memory (SvelteKit is light, but bound it anyway) and forbid
+    # privilege escalation. Tune the limit to your host via .env.
+    mem_limit: ${FRONTEND_MEM_LIMIT:-512m}
+    security_opt:
+      - no-new-privileges:true
 
   # ----- Vision autoscaling (profile: ai) -----------------------------------
   # Two extra containers that idle-stop the mangalord-vision (llama.cpp)