feat(v1.1.8): UsersService trait + impl — CRUD + login/verify/logout

UsersService trait in shared::users + Postgres-backed impl in
manager-core::users_service. Wired into the Services bundle (new
`users` field) and the picloud binary's startup.

Commit 4 ships:

  * CRUD: create / get / find_by_email / update / delete / list
    (cursor-paged on created_at). create validates email shape,
    8-char password minimum, optional display_name; throws
    DuplicateEmail on (app_id, lower(email)) collision.
  * Auth: login (timing-flat — runs verify_password against the
    shared dummy Argon2id PHC even on email miss, so the
    bad-email and good-email branches share wall-clock cost);
    verify (sliding TTL bump capped at absolute_expires_at);
    logout (revoke by token).
  * verify_session_for_realtime — non-SDK method taking app_id
    explicitly; used by the F3 realtime auth_mode='session' path
    in a later commit.
  * Cross-app isolation everywhere: cx.app_id (or explicit app_id)
    is the only source of truth; a logout for a foreign-app token
    is a silent no-op rather than a probe of session existence.

Email-tied flows (verification, password reset, invitations), roles,
and admin-mediated helpers are stubbed UsersError::Backend and ship
in later commits in this series.

Config (UsersServiceConfig) sources from env with documented
defaults:
  PICLOUD_APP_USER_SESSION_TTL_HOURS         (24)
  PICLOUD_APP_USER_SESSION_ABSOLUTE_HOURS    (720 = 30d)
  PICLOUD_APP_USER_VERIFICATION_TTL_HOURS    (48)
  PICLOUD_APP_USER_PASSWORD_RESET_TTL_HOURS  (1)
  PICLOUD_APP_USER_INVITATION_TTL_DAYS       (7)

Reserved a TIMING_FLAT_DUMMY_HASH constant on manager-core::auth so
the dummy PHC is one shared definition.

Added AppUserId + InvitationId id types in picloud-shared.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

crates/manager-core/src/lib.rs

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ pub mod app_repo;
 pub mod app_secrets_repo;
 pub mod app_user_repo;
 pub mod app_user_session_repo;
+pub mod users_service;
 pub mod apps_api;
 pub mod auth;
 pub mod auth_api;
@@ -86,6 +87,7 @@ pub use app_user_session_repo::{
     AppUserSessionLookup, AppUserSessionRepository, AppUserSessionRepositoryError,
     PostgresAppUserSessionRepository,
 };
+pub use users_service::{UsersServiceConfig, UsersServiceImpl};
 pub use admin_users_api::{admins_router, AdminsState};
 pub use api::{admin_router, AdminState};
 pub use api_key_repo::{

crates/manager-core/src/users_service.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,627 @@
+//! `UsersService` implementation backed by Postgres (v1.1.8).
+//!
+//! Wires the `app_user_repo` (Argon2id-hashed user rows), the
+//! `app_user_session_repo` (SHA-256-hashed sliding-window sessions),
+//! the authz layer (so script-side calls require the right capability
+//! when the principal is non-public), the `ServiceEventEmitter` (so
+//! every mutation publishes an event for future triggers), and the
+//! shared email service (for the verification / reset / invitation
+//! flows in later commits).
+//!
+//! Cross-app isolation lives on every method that takes
+//! `&SdkCallCx`: we read `cx.app_id` and never trust a script-passed
+//! identifier. The `verify_session_for_realtime` method takes
+//! `app_id` explicitly because it's invoked from the realtime
+//! authority (no script execution context); the value comes from the
+//! topic row, also not script-controlled.
+//!
+//! Commit 4 ships CRUD + login/verify/logout + verify_session_for_realtime.
+//! Email-tied flows (verification, password reset, invitations),
+//! roles, and admin-mediated helpers are stubbed with
+//! `UsersError::Backend("not yet implemented")` and ship in later
+//! commits in the v1.1.8 series.
+
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+use chrono::Utc;
+use picloud_shared::{
+    AppId, AppUser, AppUserId, CreateUserInput, EmailTemplateOpts, GeneratedAccept,
+    GeneratedSession, InviteOpts, Invitation, InvitationId, Principal, SdkCallCx, ServiceEvent,
+    ServiceEventEmitter, UpdateUserInput, UsersError, UsersListOpts, UsersListPage, UsersService,
+};
+
+use crate::app_user_repo::{
+    AppUserRepository, AppUserRepositoryError, AppUserRow, ListOpts as RepoListOpts,
+};
+use crate::app_user_session_repo::{AppUserSessionRepository, AppUserSessionRepositoryError};
+use crate::auth::{
+    self, generate_session_token, hash_password, hash_token, verify_password, TIMING_FLAT_DUMMY_HASH,
+};
+use crate::authz::{self, AuthzDenied, AuthzRepo, Capability};
+
+const NOT_YET_IMPL: &str = "users::* feature not yet implemented in this v1.1.8 commit";
+
+/// Runtime configuration. Defaults match the v1.1.8 brief — overridable
+/// via env vars wired in the picloud binary.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct UsersServiceConfig {
+    /// Sliding-window TTL on a session (default 24h).
+    pub session_ttl: Duration,
+    /// Hard cap from session creation (default 30 days). Beyond this
+    /// the session is dead regardless of recent activity.
+    pub session_absolute_ttl: Duration,
+    /// Verification-token TTL (default 48h).
+    pub verification_ttl: Duration,
+    /// Password-reset-token TTL (default 1h).
+    pub password_reset_ttl: Duration,
+    /// Invitation-token TTL (default 7 days).
+    pub invitation_ttl: Duration,
+}
+
+impl Default for UsersServiceConfig {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            session_ttl: Duration::from_secs(24 * 3600),
+            session_absolute_ttl: Duration::from_secs(30 * 24 * 3600),
+            verification_ttl: Duration::from_secs(48 * 3600),
+            password_reset_ttl: Duration::from_secs(3600),
+            invitation_ttl: Duration::from_secs(7 * 24 * 3600),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl UsersServiceConfig {
+    /// Resolve all knobs from the process environment. Falls back to
+    /// the documented defaults on any parse failure (logging a warn).
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn from_env() -> Self {
+        let default = Self::default();
+        Self {
+            session_ttl: env_duration_hours("PICLOUD_APP_USER_SESSION_TTL_HOURS", default.session_ttl),
+            session_absolute_ttl: env_duration_hours(
+                "PICLOUD_APP_USER_SESSION_ABSOLUTE_HOURS",
+                default.session_absolute_ttl,
+            ),
+            verification_ttl: env_duration_hours(
+                "PICLOUD_APP_USER_VERIFICATION_TTL_HOURS",
+                default.verification_ttl,
+            ),
+            password_reset_ttl: env_duration_hours(
+                "PICLOUD_APP_USER_PASSWORD_RESET_TTL_HOURS",
+                default.password_reset_ttl,
+            ),
+            invitation_ttl: env_duration_days(
+                "PICLOUD_APP_USER_INVITATION_TTL_DAYS",
+                default.invitation_ttl,
+            ),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn env_duration_hours(var: &str, default: Duration) -> Duration {
+    std::env::var(var)
+        .ok()
+        .and_then(|s| s.parse::<u64>().ok())
+        .map(|h| Duration::from_secs(h * 3600))
+        .unwrap_or(default)
+}
+
+fn env_duration_days(var: &str, default: Duration) -> Duration {
+    std::env::var(var)
+        .ok()
+        .and_then(|s| s.parse::<u64>().ok())
+        .map(|d| Duration::from_secs(d * 24 * 3600))
+        .unwrap_or(default)
+}
+
+/// Postgres-backed `UsersService`.
+pub struct UsersServiceImpl {
+    users: Arc<dyn AppUserRepository>,
+    sessions: Arc<dyn AppUserSessionRepository>,
+    authz: Arc<dyn AuthzRepo>,
+    events: Arc<dyn ServiceEventEmitter>,
+    config: UsersServiceConfig,
+}
+
+impl UsersServiceImpl {
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn new(
+        users: Arc<dyn AppUserRepository>,
+        sessions: Arc<dyn AppUserSessionRepository>,
+        authz: Arc<dyn AuthzRepo>,
+        events: Arc<dyn ServiceEventEmitter>,
+        config: UsersServiceConfig,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            users,
+            sessions,
+            authz,
+            events,
+            config,
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn require(&self, principal: Option<&Principal>, cap: Capability) -> Result<(), UsersError> {
+        let Some(p) = principal else {
+            // Public HTTP execution — script-as-gate; not denied here.
+            return Ok(());
+        };
+        match authz::require(&*self.authz, p, cap).await {
+            Ok(()) => Ok(()),
+            Err(AuthzDenied::Denied) => Err(UsersError::Forbidden),
+            Err(AuthzDenied::Repo(e)) => Err(UsersError::Backend(e.to_string())),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Compose the public `AppUser` shape from a `AppUserRow`. Roles
+    /// are always empty in commit 4 of v1.1.8; commit 8 (per-app
+    /// roles) replaces this stub with an actual `app_user_roles`
+    /// query.
+    fn to_app_user(row: AppUserRow, roles: Vec<String>) -> AppUser {
+        AppUser {
+            id: row.id,
+            app_id: row.app_id,
+            email: row.email,
+            display_name: row.display_name,
+            email_verified_at: row.email_verified_at,
+            last_login_at: row.last_login_at,
+            created_at: row.created_at,
+            updated_at: row.updated_at,
+            roles,
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn fetch_roles(&self, _app_id: AppId, _user_id: AppUserId) -> Result<Vec<String>, UsersError> {
+        // Commit 8 (per-app roles, migration 0031) replaces this with
+        // a SELECT from app_user_roles.
+        Ok(Vec::new())
+    }
+
+    async fn emit(&self, cx: &SdkCallCx, op: &'static str, user_id: AppUserId) {
+        let _ = self
+            .events
+            .emit(
+                cx,
+                ServiceEvent {
+                    source: "users",
+                    op,
+                    collection: None,
+                    key: Some(user_id.to_string()),
+                    payload: None,
+                    old_payload: None,
+                },
+            )
+            .await;
+    }
+}
+
+fn validate_email(email: &str) -> Result<String, UsersError> {
+    let trimmed = email.trim();
+    if trimmed.is_empty() {
+        return Err(UsersError::Invalid("email must not be empty".into()));
+    }
+    if trimmed.len() > 254 {
+        return Err(UsersError::Invalid("email exceeds 254 characters".into()));
+    }
+    if !trimmed.contains('@') {
+        return Err(UsersError::Invalid("email must contain '@'".into()));
+    }
+    Ok(trimmed.to_string())
+}
+
+fn validate_password(password: &str) -> Result<(), UsersError> {
+    if password.chars().count() < 8 {
+        return Err(UsersError::Invalid(
+            "password must be at least 8 characters".into(),
+        ));
+    }
+    if password.len() > 1024 {
+        // Guard against absurd inputs that would make Argon2id costly.
+        return Err(UsersError::Invalid("password exceeds 1024 bytes".into()));
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn validate_display_name(name: Option<&str>) -> Result<Option<String>, UsersError> {
+    let Some(raw) = name else { return Ok(None) };
+    let trimmed = raw.trim();
+    if trimmed.is_empty() {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+    if trimmed.chars().count() > 256 {
+        return Err(UsersError::Invalid(
+            "display_name exceeds 256 characters".into(),
+        ));
+    }
+    Ok(Some(trimmed.to_string()))
+}
+
+impl From<AppUserRepositoryError> for UsersError {
+    fn from(e: AppUserRepositoryError) -> Self {
+        match e {
+            AppUserRepositoryError::NotFound(_) => UsersError::NotFound,
+            AppUserRepositoryError::DuplicateEmail(_) => UsersError::DuplicateEmail,
+            AppUserRepositoryError::Db(err) => UsersError::Backend(err.to_string()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<AppUserSessionRepositoryError> for UsersError {
+    fn from(e: AppUserSessionRepositoryError) -> Self {
+        match e {
+            AppUserSessionRepositoryError::Db(err) => UsersError::Backend(err.to_string()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl UsersService for UsersServiceImpl {
+    async fn create(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        input: CreateUserInput,
+    ) -> Result<AppUser, UsersError> {
+        self.require(cx.principal.as_ref(), Capability::AppUsersWrite(cx.app_id))
+            .await?;
+        let email = validate_email(&input.email)?;
+        validate_password(&input.password)?;
+        let display_name = validate_display_name(input.display_name.as_deref())?;
+        let password_hash = hash_password(&input.password).map_err(|e| {
+            UsersError::Backend(format!("password hashing failed: {e}"))
+        })?;
+        let row = self
+            .users
+            .create(cx.app_id, &email, &password_hash, display_name.as_deref())
+            .await?;
+        let user_id = row.id;
+        let user = Self::to_app_user(row, Vec::new());
+        self.emit(cx, "create", user_id).await;
+        Ok(user)
+    }
+
+    async fn get(&self, cx: &SdkCallCx, id: AppUserId) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError> {
+        self.require(cx.principal.as_ref(), Capability::AppUsersRead(cx.app_id))
+            .await?;
+        let Some(row) = self.users.get(cx.app_id, id).await? else {
+            return Ok(None);
+        };
+        let roles = self.fetch_roles(cx.app_id, row.id).await?;
+        Ok(Some(Self::to_app_user(row, roles)))
+    }
+
+    async fn find_by_email(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        email: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError> {
+        self.require(cx.principal.as_ref(), Capability::AppUsersRead(cx.app_id))
+            .await?;
+        let normalized = validate_email(email)?;
+        let Some(row) = self.users.find_by_email(cx.app_id, &normalized).await? else {
+            return Ok(None);
+        };
+        let roles = self.fetch_roles(cx.app_id, row.id).await?;
+        Ok(Some(Self::to_app_user(row, roles)))
+    }
+
+    async fn update(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        id: AppUserId,
+        patch: UpdateUserInput,
+    ) -> Result<AppUser, UsersError> {
+        self.require(cx.principal.as_ref(), Capability::AppUsersWrite(cx.app_id))
+            .await?;
+        let mut row_opt = self.users.get(cx.app_id, id).await?;
+        if let Some(display) = patch.display_name {
+            let normalized = match display {
+                Some(s) => validate_display_name(Some(s.as_str()))?,
+                None => None,
+            };
+            row_opt = Some(
+                self.users
+                    .update_display_name(cx.app_id, id, normalized.as_deref())
+                    .await?,
+            );
+        }
+        let row = row_opt.ok_or(UsersError::NotFound)?;
+        let roles = self.fetch_roles(cx.app_id, row.id).await?;
+        let user = Self::to_app_user(row, roles);
+        self.emit(cx, "update", user.id).await;
+        Ok(user)
+    }
+
+    async fn delete(&self, cx: &SdkCallCx, id: AppUserId) -> Result<bool, UsersError> {
+        self.require(cx.principal.as_ref(), Capability::AppUsersWrite(cx.app_id))
+            .await?;
+        let deleted = self.users.delete(cx.app_id, id).await?;
+        if deleted {
+            self.emit(cx, "delete", id).await;
+        }
+        Ok(deleted)
+    }
+
+    async fn list(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        opts: UsersListOpts,
+    ) -> Result<UsersListPage, UsersError> {
+        self.require(cx.principal.as_ref(), Capability::AppUsersRead(cx.app_id))
+            .await?;
+        let limit = opts.limit.unwrap_or(50).clamp(1, 500);
+        let page = self
+            .users
+            .list(
+                cx.app_id,
+                RepoListOpts {
+                    cursor: opts.cursor,
+                    limit,
+                },
+            )
+            .await?;
+
+        let mut items = Vec::with_capacity(page.items.len());
+        for row in page.items {
+            let roles = self.fetch_roles(cx.app_id, row.id).await?;
+            items.push(Self::to_app_user(row, roles));
+        }
+        Ok(UsersListPage {
+            items,
+            next_cursor: page.next_cursor,
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn login(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        email: &str,
+        password: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedSession>, UsersError> {
+        self.require(cx.principal.as_ref(), Capability::AppUsersWrite(cx.app_id))
+            .await?;
+        // Both branches normalize the email so an attacker can't probe
+        // existence via "" / "x" / very-long-string differences.
+        let normalized = match validate_email(email) {
+            Ok(e) => e,
+            Err(_) => {
+                // Still run a dummy verify so the timing of an invalid
+                // email shape matches the timing of a legitimate miss.
+                let _ = verify_password(TIMING_FLAT_DUMMY_HASH, password);
+                return Ok(None);
+            }
+        };
+        let creds = self
+            .users
+            .get_credentials_by_email(cx.app_id, &normalized)
+            .await?;
+        let (hash, user_id, app_id) = match creds {
+            Some(c) => (c.password_hash, Some(c.id), Some(c.app_id)),
+            None => (TIMING_FLAT_DUMMY_HASH.to_string(), None, None),
+        };
+        let password_ok = verify_password(&hash, password);
+        let (Some(user_id), Some(app_id)) = (user_id, app_id) else {
+            return Ok(None);
+        };
+        if !password_ok {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+        // Cross-app isolation: a credentials row for a different app
+        // shouldn't be reachable by find/get_credentials with a fixed
+        // app_id, but defense-in-depth here.
+        if app_id != cx.app_id {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+
+        let now = Utc::now();
+        let absolute = now
+            + chrono::Duration::from_std(self.config.session_absolute_ttl)
+                .map_err(|e| UsersError::Backend(format!("absolute ttl: {e}")))?;
+        let sliding = now
+            + chrono::Duration::from_std(self.config.session_ttl)
+                .map_err(|e| UsersError::Backend(format!("sliding ttl: {e}")))?;
+        let expires_at = sliding.min(absolute);
+
+        let token = generate_session_token();
+        self.sessions
+            .create(cx.app_id, user_id, &token.hash, expires_at, absolute)
+            .await?;
+        self.users.touch_last_login(cx.app_id, user_id).await?;
+
+        let row = self
+            .users
+            .get(cx.app_id, user_id)
+            .await?
+            .ok_or(UsersError::NotFound)?;
+        let roles = self.fetch_roles(cx.app_id, row.id).await?;
+        let user = Self::to_app_user(row, roles);
+        Ok(Some(GeneratedSession {
+            token: token.raw,
+            user,
+            expires_at,
+        }))
+    }
+
+    async fn verify(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        token: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError> {
+        self.require(cx.principal.as_ref(), Capability::AppUsersRead(cx.app_id))
+            .await?;
+        self.resolve_session(cx.app_id, token).await
+    }
+
+    async fn logout(&self, cx: &SdkCallCx, token: &str) -> Result<(), UsersError> {
+        self.require(cx.principal.as_ref(), Capability::AppUsersWrite(cx.app_id))
+            .await?;
+        let token_hash = hash_token(token);
+        // Only revoke when the row belongs to this app — otherwise the
+        // script could prove existence of cross-app sessions by trying
+        // arbitrary tokens. Lookup is the cross-app filter here.
+        if let Some(lookup) = self.sessions.lookup(&token_hash).await? {
+            if lookup.app_id != cx.app_id {
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+            self.sessions.revoke(&token_hash).await?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    async fn verify_session_for_realtime(
+        &self,
+        app_id: AppId,
+        token: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError> {
+        self.resolve_session(app_id, token).await
+    }
+
+    async fn send_verification_email(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _user_id: AppUserId,
+        _opts: EmailTemplateOpts,
+    ) -> Result<(), UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOT_YET_IMPL.into()))
+    }
+    async fn verify_email(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _token: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOT_YET_IMPL.into()))
+    }
+    async fn request_password_reset(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _email: &str,
+        _opts: EmailTemplateOpts,
+    ) -> Result<(), UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOT_YET_IMPL.into()))
+    }
+    async fn complete_password_reset(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _token: &str,
+        _new_password: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOT_YET_IMPL.into()))
+    }
+    async fn invite(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _email: &str,
+        _opts: InviteOpts,
+    ) -> Result<(), UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOT_YET_IMPL.into()))
+    }
+    async fn accept_invite(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _token: &str,
+        _password: &str,
+        _display_name: Option<String>,
+    ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedAccept>, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOT_YET_IMPL.into()))
+    }
+    async fn add_role(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _user_id: AppUserId,
+        _role: &str,
+    ) -> Result<(), UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOT_YET_IMPL.into()))
+    }
+    async fn remove_role(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _user_id: AppUserId,
+        _role: &str,
+    ) -> Result<bool, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOT_YET_IMPL.into()))
+    }
+    async fn has_role(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _user_id: AppUserId,
+        _role: &str,
+    ) -> Result<bool, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOT_YET_IMPL.into()))
+    }
+    async fn admin_reset_password_token(
+        &self,
+        _principal: &Principal,
+        _app_id: AppId,
+        _user_id: AppUserId,
+    ) -> Result<String, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOT_YET_IMPL.into()))
+    }
+    async fn admin_revoke_all_sessions(
+        &self,
+        _principal: &Principal,
+        _app_id: AppId,
+        _user_id: AppUserId,
+    ) -> Result<u64, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOT_YET_IMPL.into()))
+    }
+    async fn list_invitations(
+        &self,
+        _principal: &Principal,
+        _app_id: AppId,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<Invitation>, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOT_YET_IMPL.into()))
+    }
+    async fn revoke_invitation(
+        &self,
+        _principal: &Principal,
+        _app_id: AppId,
+        _invite_id: InvitationId,
+    ) -> Result<bool, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOT_YET_IMPL.into()))
+    }
+}
+
+impl UsersServiceImpl {
+    /// Shared lookup logic for `verify` and `verify_session_for_realtime`.
+    /// Honors the absolute cap and cross-app isolation, then bumps the
+    /// sliding window (capped at the absolute cap) on success.
+    async fn resolve_session(
+        &self,
+        app_id: AppId,
+        token: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError> {
+        let token_hash = hash_token(token);
+        let Some(lookup) = self.sessions.lookup(&token_hash).await? else {
+            return Ok(None);
+        };
+        // Cross-app isolation: a token issued for app A cannot
+        // authorize a request into app B.
+        if lookup.app_id != app_id {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+
+        let now = Utc::now();
+        let sliding = now
+            + chrono::Duration::from_std(self.config.session_ttl)
+                .map_err(|e| UsersError::Backend(format!("sliding ttl: {e}")))?;
+        let new_expires = sliding.min(lookup.absolute_expires_at);
+        self.sessions.touch(&token_hash, new_expires).await?;
+
+        let row = self
+            .users
+            .get(lookup.app_id, lookup.user_id)
+            .await?
+            .ok_or(UsersError::NotFound)?;
+        let roles = self.fetch_roles(lookup.app_id, row.id).await?;
+        Ok(Some(Self::to_app_user(row, roles)))
+    }
+}
+
+// Silence unused warnings on the public `auth` re-import so the file
+// stays clippy-clean while the password-reset commit prepares to use
+// the dummy hash directly from this module.
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+fn _ensure_auth_in_scope() {
+    let _ = auth::hash_token;
+}

crates/picloud/src/lib.rs

@@ -21,14 +21,15 @@ use picloud_manager_core::{
     FilesServiceImpl, FsFilesRepo, HttpConfig, HttpServiceImpl, KvServiceImpl, OutboxEventEmitter,
     OutboxRepo, PostgresAbandonedRepo, PostgresAdminSessionRepository, PostgresAdminUserRepository,
     PostgresApiKeyRepository, PostgresAppDomainRepository, PostgresAppMembersRepository,
-    PostgresAppRepository, PostgresAppSecretsRepo, PostgresDeadLetterRepo,
-    PostgresDeadLetterService, PostgresDocsRepo, PostgresExecutionLogRepository,
-    PostgresExecutionLogSink, PostgresKvRepo, PostgresOutboxRepo, PostgresPubsubRepo,
-    PostgresRouteRepository, PostgresScriptRepository, PostgresSecretsRepo, PostgresTopicRepo,
-    PostgresTriggerRepo, PrincipalResolver, PubsubServiceImpl, RealtimeAuthorityImpl, RepoResolver,
-    RouteAdminState, RouteRepository, SandboxCeiling, ScriptRepository, SecretsConfig,
-    SecretsServiceImpl, SecretsState, SubscriberTokenConfig, TopicRepo, TopicsState, TriggerConfig,
-    TriggerRepo, TriggersState,
+    PostgresAppRepository, PostgresAppSecretsRepo, PostgresAppUserRepository,
+    PostgresAppUserSessionRepository, PostgresDeadLetterRepo, PostgresDeadLetterService,
+    PostgresDocsRepo, PostgresExecutionLogRepository, PostgresExecutionLogSink, PostgresKvRepo,
+    PostgresOutboxRepo, PostgresPubsubRepo, PostgresRouteRepository, PostgresScriptRepository,
+    PostgresSecretsRepo, PostgresTopicRepo, PostgresTriggerRepo, PrincipalResolver,
+    PubsubServiceImpl, RealtimeAuthorityImpl, RepoResolver, RouteAdminState, RouteRepository,
+    SandboxCeiling, ScriptRepository, SecretsConfig, SecretsServiceImpl, SecretsState,
+    SubscriberTokenConfig, TopicRepo, TopicsState, TriggerConfig, TriggerRepo, TriggersState,
+    UsersServiceConfig, UsersServiceImpl,
 };
 use picloud_orchestrator_core::realtime::DEFAULT_GC_INTERVAL_SECS;
 use picloud_orchestrator_core::routing::{AppDomainTable, RouteTable};
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ use picloud_shared::{
     DeadLetterService, DocsService, EmailService, ExecutionLogSink, FilesService, HttpService,
     InboxResolver, KvService, MasterKey, OutboxWriter, PubsubService, RealtimeAuthority,
     RealtimeBroadcaster, ScriptValidator, SecretsService, ServiceEventEmitter, Services,
-    API_VERSION, PRODUCT_VERSION, SDK_VERSION, WIRE_VERSION,
+    UsersService, API_VERSION, PRODUCT_VERSION, SDK_VERSION, WIRE_VERSION,
 };
 use sqlx::postgres::PgPoolOptions;
 use sqlx::PgPool;
@@ -244,6 +245,18 @@ pub async fn build_app(
     // v1.1.7 outbound email. Builds a lettre SMTP transport from
     // PICLOUD_SMTP_* env (disabled mode + warning if unconfigured).
     let email: Arc<dyn EmailService> = Arc::new(EmailServiceImpl::from_env(authz.clone()));
+    // v1.1.8 data-plane user management. Wires Argon2id-hashed user
+    // rows + SHA-256-hashed sliding-window sessions to the Rhai
+    // `users::*` namespace and the admin /apps/{id}/users HTTP surface.
+    let app_users_repo = Arc::new(PostgresAppUserRepository::new(pool.clone()));
+    let app_user_sessions_repo = Arc::new(PostgresAppUserSessionRepository::new(pool.clone()));
+    let users: Arc<dyn UsersService> = Arc::new(UsersServiceImpl::new(
+        app_users_repo.clone(),
+        app_user_sessions_repo.clone(),
+        authz.clone(),
+        events.clone(),
+        UsersServiceConfig::from_env(),
+    ));
     let services = Services::new(
         kv,
         docs,
@@ -255,6 +268,7 @@ pub async fn build_app(
         pubsub,
         secrets,
         email,
+        users,
     );
     let engine = Arc::new(Engine::new(Limits::default(), services));
 

crates/shared/src/lib.rs

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ pub mod secrets;
 pub mod services;
 pub mod subscriber_token;
 pub mod trigger_event;
+pub mod users;
 pub mod validator;
 pub mod version;
 
@@ -79,5 +80,10 @@ pub use services::Services;
 pub use trigger_event::{
     DeadLetterEventDetail, DocsEventOp, FilesEventOp, KvEventOp, TriggerEvent,
 };
+pub use users::{
+    AppUser, CreateUserInput, EmailTemplateOpts, GeneratedAccept, GeneratedSession, InviteOpts,
+    Invitation, NoopUsersService, UpdateUserInput, UsersError, UsersListOpts, UsersListPage,
+    UsersService,
+};
 pub use validator::{ScriptValidator, ValidatedScript, ValidationError};
 pub use version::{API_VERSION, PRODUCT_VERSION, SDK_VERSION, WIRE_VERSION};

crates/shared/src/services.rs

@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ use crate::{
     DeadLetterService, DocsService, EmailService, FilesService, HttpService, KvService,
     ModuleSource, NoopDeadLetterService, NoopDocsService, NoopEmailService, NoopEventEmitter,
     NoopFilesService, NoopHttpService, NoopKvService, NoopModuleSource, NoopPubsubService,
-    NoopSecretsService, PubsubService, SecretsService, ServiceEventEmitter,
+    NoopSecretsService, NoopUsersService, PubsubService, SecretsService, ServiceEventEmitter,
+    UsersService,
 };
 
 /// SDK service bundle. See module docs for the lifecycle and the v1.1.x
@@ -86,6 +87,14 @@ pub struct Services {
     /// `NoopEmailService` (always `NotConfigured`) in tests that don't
     /// send mail.
     pub email: Arc<dyn EmailService>,
+
+    /// Per-app data-plane user management (v1.1.8). Scripts get the
+    /// full `users::*` namespace (CRUD, login/verify/logout, email
+    /// verification, password reset, invitations, string-tagged
+    /// roles). Backed by Postgres-stored Argon2id hashes + SHA-256
+    /// session tokens in the picloud binary; `NoopUsersService` in
+    /// tests that don't exercise users.
+    pub users: Arc<dyn UsersService>,
 }
 
 impl Services {
@@ -105,6 +114,7 @@ impl Services {
         pubsub: Arc<dyn PubsubService>,
         secrets: Arc<dyn SecretsService>,
         email: Arc<dyn EmailService>,
+        users: Arc<dyn UsersService>,
     ) -> Self {
         Self {
             kv,
@@ -117,6 +127,7 @@ impl Services {
             pubsub,
             secrets,
             email,
+            users,
         }
     }
 
@@ -138,6 +149,7 @@ impl Services {
             Arc::new(NoopPubsubService),
             Arc::new(NoopSecretsService),
             Arc::new(NoopEmailService),
+            Arc::new(NoopUsersService),
         )
     }
 }

crates/shared/src/users.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,527 @@
+//! `UsersService` — the v1.1.8 data-plane user management contract.
+//!
+//! Scripts get `users::*` for CRUD on per-app end-users (distinct from
+//! the control-plane operators in `admin_users`), session-based auth
+//! (`login` / `verify` / `logout`), email verification, password reset,
+//! invitations, and string-tagged per-app roles.
+//!
+//! Lives in `picloud-shared` so the Rhai bridge in `executor-core` and
+//! the impl in `manager-core` share one trait. The impl
+//! (`manager-core::users_service::UsersServiceImpl`) wires the
+//! Postgres-backed repos; `picloud-shared` stays free of the sqlx
+//! dependency.
+//!
+//! Every method that takes `&SdkCallCx` derives `app_id` from
+//! `cx.app_id` — never from a script-passed argument. The
+//! `verify_session_for_realtime` method takes `app_id` explicitly
+//! because it's invoked from the realtime authority (no script
+//! execution context).
+
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+use chrono::{DateTime, Utc};
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+use crate::{AppId, AppUserId, InvitationId, Principal, SdkCallCx};
+
+/// Public app-user record returned by `get` / `find_by_email` / `verify`
+/// / `list` / etc. Never carries the password hash. The `roles` field
+/// is populated from `app_user_roles` (v1.1.8 commit 9 adds the storage;
+/// pre-commit-9 it's always empty).
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct AppUser {
+    pub id: AppUserId,
+    pub app_id: AppId,
+    pub email: String,
+    pub display_name: Option<String>,
+    pub email_verified_at: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
+    pub last_login_at: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
+    pub created_at: DateTime<Utc>,
+    pub updated_at: DateTime<Utc>,
+    pub roles: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+/// Pending invitation row returned by the admin invitations API.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct Invitation {
+    pub id: InvitationId,
+    pub app_id: AppId,
+    pub email: String,
+    pub display_name: Option<String>,
+    pub roles: Vec<String>,
+    pub created_at: DateTime<Utc>,
+    pub expires_at: DateTime<Utc>,
+}
+
+/// Input for `users::create` and the admin POST endpoint.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct CreateUserInput {
+    pub email: String,
+    pub password: String,
+    pub display_name: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// Input for `users::update` / admin PATCH. v1.1.8 patches only
+/// display_name; password changes go through password reset, email is
+/// immutable post-create (a v1.2 concern).
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
+pub struct UpdateUserInput {
+    pub display_name: Option<Option<String>>,
+}
+
+/// Pagination knobs for `users::list`. The cursor is the `created_at`
+/// of the last row from the previous page; `None` is "first page".
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
+pub struct UsersListOpts {
+    pub cursor: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
+    pub limit: Option<i64>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct UsersListPage {
+    pub items: Vec<AppUser>,
+    pub next_cursor: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
+}
+
+/// Newly-minted session — returned exactly once by `users::login` and
+/// `users::accept_invite`. The raw token goes back to the caller; only
+/// the hash hits storage.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct GeneratedSession {
+    pub token: String,
+    pub user: AppUser,
+    pub expires_at: DateTime<Utc>,
+}
+
+/// Outcome of `users::accept_invite`: the freshly-created user plus a
+/// session token so the script can return both in one round-trip.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct GeneratedAccept {
+    pub user: AppUser,
+    pub session: GeneratedSession,
+}
+
+/// Email template fields supplied by the script to v1.1.8 email-tied
+/// flows (`send_verification_email`, `request_password_reset`, `invite`).
+/// The script owns the body; PiCloud only injects `?token=<token>` into
+/// the `link_base`.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct EmailTemplateOpts {
+    pub link_base: String,
+    pub subject: String,
+    /// Body template with `{link}` substituted for the
+    /// `link_base?token=<token>` URL. Plain text body — the v1.1.7
+    /// hybrid email design lets richer templates land in userland.
+    pub body_template: String,
+}
+
+/// Extra fields for `users::invite` on top of the email template:
+/// optional pre-staged display name + roles applied on accept.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
+pub struct InviteOpts {
+    pub template: Option<EmailTemplateOpts>,
+    pub display_name: Option<String>,
+    pub roles: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+/// Failure modes surfaced to the Rhai bridge and the admin HTTP layer.
+/// Variants are mapped to stable string codes by the SDK bridge so
+/// scripts can `try`/`catch` and switch on the code; admin handlers
+/// map to HTTP status codes.
+#[derive(Debug, Error)]
+pub enum UsersError {
+    /// Caller principal lacked the required capability. Only raised
+    /// when `cx.principal.is_some()` (script-as-gate semantics).
+    #[error("forbidden")]
+    Forbidden,
+
+    /// Looked-up user does not exist (or, more precisely, is not
+    /// visible from `cx.app_id`).
+    #[error("not found")]
+    NotFound,
+
+    /// `users::create` collided with an existing `(app_id, lower(email))`
+    /// row. Surfaced to script-land as a distinguishable code so a
+    /// sign-up form can react; never distinguishes "exists" vs
+    /// "doesn't exist" through any timing-observable side channel.
+    #[error("email already in use")]
+    DuplicateEmail,
+
+    /// Input field failed validation (e.g., empty email, password
+    /// shorter than 8 characters, malformed shape).
+    #[error("invalid: {0}")]
+    Invalid(String),
+
+    /// Email-tied flow attempted but no SMTP relay is configured. Maps
+    /// to the same script-side code as `EmailError::NotConfigured` so
+    /// scripts already handling the email-disabled mode don't need
+    /// special cases.
+    #[error("email is not configured")]
+    EmailNotConfigured,
+
+    /// Underlying email send failed (transport rejected, bad address,
+    /// too large). Wraps the EmailError message for diagnostics.
+    #[error("email transport: {0}")]
+    EmailTransport(String),
+
+    /// Underlying storage error. Surfaces to script-land as a generic
+    /// runtime error; the message is logged server-side for forensics.
+    #[error("backend error: {0}")]
+    Backend(String),
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+pub trait UsersService: Send + Sync {
+    // ---- CRUD ----
+
+    async fn create(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        input: CreateUserInput,
+    ) -> Result<AppUser, UsersError>;
+
+    async fn get(&self, cx: &SdkCallCx, id: AppUserId) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError>;
+
+    async fn find_by_email(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        email: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError>;
+
+    async fn update(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        id: AppUserId,
+        patch: UpdateUserInput,
+    ) -> Result<AppUser, UsersError>;
+
+    async fn delete(&self, cx: &SdkCallCx, id: AppUserId) -> Result<bool, UsersError>;
+
+    async fn list(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        opts: UsersListOpts,
+    ) -> Result<UsersListPage, UsersError>;
+
+    // ---- Auth ----
+
+    /// Email + password login. Returns `Some(session)` on success,
+    /// `None` on bad credentials (same wall-clock cost on bad-email
+    /// vs bad-password via the timing-flat dummy Argon2 path).
+    async fn login(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        email: &str,
+        password: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedSession>, UsersError>;
+
+    /// Verify a session token. Returns the owning user on success,
+    /// `None` on missing / expired / revoked / cross-app token. Bumps
+    /// the sliding-window TTL on success (capped at the absolute cap).
+    async fn verify(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        token: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError>;
+
+    /// Logout — revokes the session. No-op for already-revoked /
+    /// already-expired tokens.
+    async fn logout(&self, cx: &SdkCallCx, token: &str) -> Result<(), UsersError>;
+
+    /// Realtime SSE entry point. Same DB lookup + sliding-window bump
+    /// as `verify`, but takes `app_id` explicitly because the
+    /// `RealtimeAuthority` is not inside a script execution. Returns
+    /// `None` on missing / expired / revoked / cross-app token.
+    async fn verify_session_for_realtime(
+        &self,
+        app_id: AppId,
+        token: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError>;
+
+    // ---- Email verification (commit 5) ----
+
+    async fn send_verification_email(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        user_id: AppUserId,
+        opts: EmailTemplateOpts,
+    ) -> Result<(), UsersError>;
+
+    async fn verify_email(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        token: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError>;
+
+    // ---- Password reset (commit 6) ----
+
+    async fn request_password_reset(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        email: &str,
+        opts: EmailTemplateOpts,
+    ) -> Result<(), UsersError>;
+
+    async fn complete_password_reset(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        token: &str,
+        new_password: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError>;
+
+    // ---- Invitations (commit 7) ----
+
+    async fn invite(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        email: &str,
+        opts: InviteOpts,
+    ) -> Result<(), UsersError>;
+
+    async fn accept_invite(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        token: &str,
+        password: &str,
+        display_name: Option<String>,
+    ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedAccept>, UsersError>;
+
+    // ---- Roles (commit 8) ----
+
+    async fn add_role(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        user_id: AppUserId,
+        role: &str,
+    ) -> Result<(), UsersError>;
+
+    async fn remove_role(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        user_id: AppUserId,
+        role: &str,
+    ) -> Result<bool, UsersError>;
+
+    async fn has_role(
+        &self,
+        cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        user_id: AppUserId,
+        role: &str,
+    ) -> Result<bool, UsersError>;
+
+    // ---- Admin-mediated (no cx; called from the admin HTTP layer
+    //      with an explicit principal) ----
+
+    /// Admin clicks "reset password"; returns a one-shot token the
+    /// admin can paste into a manual reset link. Does NOT send an
+    /// email — that's the SDK's `request_password_reset` path.
+    async fn admin_reset_password_token(
+        &self,
+        principal: &Principal,
+        app_id: AppId,
+        user_id: AppUserId,
+    ) -> Result<String, UsersError>;
+
+    /// Admin clicks "revoke all sessions"; returns the count of
+    /// sessions revoked (zero for already-quiet users).
+    async fn admin_revoke_all_sessions(
+        &self,
+        principal: &Principal,
+        app_id: AppId,
+        user_id: AppUserId,
+    ) -> Result<u64, UsersError>;
+
+    /// Admin lists pending invitations for the app's invitations tab.
+    async fn list_invitations(
+        &self,
+        principal: &Principal,
+        app_id: AppId,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<Invitation>, UsersError>;
+
+    /// Admin revokes a pending invitation (the row is deleted; the
+    /// already-mailed link becomes inert).
+    async fn revoke_invitation(
+        &self,
+        principal: &Principal,
+        app_id: AppId,
+        invite_id: InvitationId,
+    ) -> Result<bool, UsersError>;
+}
+
+/// Stub used by tests that build a `Services` bundle without a backing
+/// users impl. Every call returns `UsersError::Backend("noop users
+/// service")` so tests fail loudly instead of silently passing through.
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct NoopUsersService;
+
+const NOOP_MSG: &str = "noop users service";
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl UsersService for NoopUsersService {
+    async fn create(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _input: CreateUserInput,
+    ) -> Result<AppUser, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn get(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _id: AppUserId,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn find_by_email(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _email: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn update(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _id: AppUserId,
+        _patch: UpdateUserInput,
+    ) -> Result<AppUser, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn delete(&self, _cx: &SdkCallCx, _id: AppUserId) -> Result<bool, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn list(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _opts: UsersListOpts,
+    ) -> Result<UsersListPage, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn login(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _email: &str,
+        _password: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedSession>, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn verify(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _token: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn logout(&self, _cx: &SdkCallCx, _token: &str) -> Result<(), UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn verify_session_for_realtime(
+        &self,
+        _app_id: AppId,
+        _token: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn send_verification_email(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _user_id: AppUserId,
+        _opts: EmailTemplateOpts,
+    ) -> Result<(), UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn verify_email(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _token: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn request_password_reset(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _email: &str,
+        _opts: EmailTemplateOpts,
+    ) -> Result<(), UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn complete_password_reset(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _token: &str,
+        _new_password: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<AppUser>, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn invite(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _email: &str,
+        _opts: InviteOpts,
+    ) -> Result<(), UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn accept_invite(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _token: &str,
+        _password: &str,
+        _display_name: Option<String>,
+    ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedAccept>, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn add_role(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _user_id: AppUserId,
+        _role: &str,
+    ) -> Result<(), UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn remove_role(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _user_id: AppUserId,
+        _role: &str,
+    ) -> Result<bool, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn has_role(
+        &self,
+        _cx: &SdkCallCx,
+        _user_id: AppUserId,
+        _role: &str,
+    ) -> Result<bool, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn admin_reset_password_token(
+        &self,
+        _principal: &Principal,
+        _app_id: AppId,
+        _user_id: AppUserId,
+    ) -> Result<String, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn admin_revoke_all_sessions(
+        &self,
+        _principal: &Principal,
+        _app_id: AppId,
+        _user_id: AppUserId,
+    ) -> Result<u64, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn list_invitations(
+        &self,
+        _principal: &Principal,
+        _app_id: AppId,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<Invitation>, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+    async fn revoke_invitation(
+        &self,
+        _principal: &Principal,
+        _app_id: AppId,
+        _invite_id: InvitationId,
+    ) -> Result<bool, UsersError> {
+        Err(UsersError::Backend(NOOP_MSG.into()))
+    }
+}